IiiE9LTRorrimsn(eR07•710 , e
this attitude under the guidance of
an intelligent Jewish teacher rather
then (as he does now) under the
p ressure of social and economic con-
By DR. EMANUEL GAMORAN
ditions of the envrionment that may
at times militate against some things
Dr. Gamoran, educational director of the Union of American
that are of great value. Secondly,
few Congregations, is the author of a book called "Changing
under the guidance of the Jewish
Conceptions in Jewish Education," which has just been published
teacher the child will learn the rea-
son why his parents necessarily have
pany.)
by the MacMillan Company.)
a different attitude to some observ-
It is highly unfortunate that lack synagogue. The reading of the Torah, ances from that which he has. Con-
isc`riN,
= of knowledge sh•old have brought one portion each week, serves as the siderations of history will give him a
about so great a misunderstanding of basis for study and discussion during sympathetic attitude to his parents
the Sabbath as exists today. There the day. In the late afternoon various and will protect him from the disre-
is a widespread impression that the groups of Jews are to be seen study- spect which is too often shown by
Sabbath is a day of austerity filled ing ethics of the fathers, Mishnah, or those children who have rapidly made
with manifold restrictions which Talmud, in accordance with their in. their adjustments to the environment
'd
i thout
make of it a burden to those who ob. terents. The third meal of the Sab-
serve it. That Judaism did not intend bath completes the program of the day The above analysis of the Sabbath
such a result is seen f ryin a mere per- with more "Zemirot," while the eve- serves to illustrate a survival value
usal of the literature enjoining Sab- ning prayers, with the reciting of that is essentially humanistic. Ahad
bath observance, as well as from an °Ilalsdalah," the special prayer for Ila-am has correctly pointed out that
analysis of what constitute its main distinguishing the week day from the more than Israel has kept the Sab-
features. There is no doubt that the Sabbath, symbolize with their accom- bath, the Sabbath has kept Israel.
Rabbinic idea of making a "fence paniment of spices, the departure of This certainly is a tribute to the great
about the law" resulted in multiply- the "additional soul" with which every value that the Sabbath has for main-
taining the group life. It would be
ing prohibitions with regard to the Jew is endowed when Sabbath comes.
Those who are acquainted with a mistake, though, not to see the hu-
606 WOODWARD
Sabbath, but the main idea of the
"JUST WHAT YOU WANT—
Sabbath certainly intended no such Jewish life and literature will agree manistic value of this institution in
INVESTMENTS
that these are the three essential its three main aspects of rest, joy and
BONDS
effect.
spiritual activity. At the sante thaw,
THE WAY YOU WANT IT"
features of the Sabbath—rest, joy,
The Biblical injunction concerning spiritual
activity. These three and the ceremony of kindling of Sabbath swatsixotsemwo..v.v..womemoeimi.loo......vomomioAwl
the Sabbath cleverly provides that it
of "Zemirot"
ingait n e go
the
tsa r ni d tthi esstr
should be a day of rest from physical the practices that grow out of them lights serve to llu
ne of
type
may
labor. The idea that man should rest are humanistic. Economic conditions
cultural-aesthetic value which has in-
.
make impossible the o
after a working week of six days is
trinsic
worth
and
is
not
inconsistent
way in
all of them in the same e way
humanistic idea. That this was the of
which they were observed in the past. with our other criteria. The sheer
intent of the original provision is
beauty of these customs can hardly
But
the
consideration
of
the
further seen from the very humane
" es- be conveyed to one who has not prac-
lion of function does not point that
clause attached to it that "the man
servant, maid servant, the stranger present day life militates against deed them.
and the ox and the ass'' should "rest these which are the important aspects
Reports are current that members
as well as thou." To give - prestige to of the Sabbath. It may be that the of t he Ku Klux Klan in several south-
the sanction of the day of rest is ad. rest can be only partial. It may be ern states
states are boycotting against
the
spiritual
activity
will
center
iess
Mid the reason that even God rested
merchants.
Jew
un the seventh day, while the hu- about prayer and more about study
maneness of the provision is asso- and discussion and surely sonic of the
Ilaym resets, principal of a He-
ciated with the redemption from Sabbath joy can he maintained.
EVERYTHING FOR THE BUILDER
brew School in Baltimore, was chosen
rlortnway soot
1 Egyptian bondage. Even the angels
What then are the reasons for the superintendent of the Hebrew School
1159 Holden Avenue
=
0
w ere commanded to rest on the Sab- impression that the Sabbath is in- system in Indianapolis.
PRICE — QUALITY — SERVICE
ath; the legend records that the rest- compatible with present day life? The
l ess river, the mythical Sambation, writer firmly believes that they are
which throws up stones all week, to be found not in the essentials but
Phone 210
onies to rest on the holy Sabbath.
in the unessential aspects of the
11 Main and Hudson, Royal Oak
Closely associated with this idea of Sabbath, the many detailed restric-
rest is the conception of the Sabbath tions that were an outgrowth of the
BEST FISIIES FOR A
0=0===101:301==l0=i0s=t 0 =01==
a May of joy, which is emphasized idea of making a "fence about the
000000tk00000 as rabbinic
HAPPY NEW YEAR
aneeop0o000********Ocl9490OOnott 000ttor
literature and clearly seen law." These prohibitions to not
in
from the nature of the ninny pleasant militate against democracy. They are
duties which a Jew is asked to per- the kind of personal acts that have
form for the sake of the Sabbath. relatively little effect on the lives of
Special preparations for the Sabbath, others. They can he conceivably uni- I
MERE
FROM
intended to make it particularly joy- versalized for the most part and so
ous are begun on Friday afternoon. most of them pass the criterion of
SCRAP IRON
The house is given a special cleaning universalization. Though in some
in honor of the Sabbath. Special cases the original reason for their ex-
& METAL CO.
"Hollot" and all kinds of cakes are istence no longer functions their ob
baked. Dainty Sabbath dishes are servance cannot necessarily be con-1
cooked. The table, decked with a sidered incompatible with present day
A. MAURO
snow-white cloth, is beautifully set, life, with a scientific attitude to life.
H. FREEDMAN, Pres.
the bottle of sparkling red wine with But they fail to pass the criterion of
J. DUSCHINSKY, Sec.
which the Sabbath is to be "sanctified" functionalism. Social and economic
Cedar 2396
9101 W. Fort St.
$
prominently adding color and beauty conditions make their observance to-
MARTIN HOFFMAN,
JULIUS KANOC, VicePres.
to the appearance of the room. The day very difficult, almost impossible.,
CHERRY 4122
ceremonies of the lighting of the
It should be pointed out that the
1044 CASS AVENUE
candles and the reciting of the special general principle underlying most of
"Phone us for bids"
/A
Sabbath blessing usher in "Bride" the prohibitions is that work which is
$
SERVICE
Sabbath or "Queen" Sabbath, as he
on the Sabbath to save work
QUALITY
******Osi000ckootfooch000-iMoc:l000toclOoticia 00000 cHMOoctorte is lovingly named by the rabbis. In done
which might be done another day is
$
GREETINGS
some homes it is cusotmary for the forbidden. This conception is quite
parents or grandparents to bless the consistent with the main idea of the
from
children. The father who comes home Sabbath as a day of rest. But as the
from the synagogue with his "Gut years passed many of these prohibi-
IF A
Shabbos" greeting adds to the joy and tions ceased to function in the same
PA
Sabbath spirit in the home by the way as they did in the past. As an
A Happy New Year to You All
singing of - "Shalom Alekem," a pretty, illustration one might take the pro-
Manufacturers of
imaginative Sabbath selection welcom- hibition against riding on the Sab -
ing the angels of peace and rest. To bath. This prohibition is one which
this beautiful home scene the gaol intended to insure Sabbath rest. But
angel, in company of the angel of evil it is well known how impossible it is
who peeps in through the windows of to observe this injunction today and
Physicians, Nurses,
ll
every Jewish home on Friday night, in this country or in any large city.
Hospital and Sick-
gives his blessings to the family and All the conditions of social and eco-
the angel of evil perforce must say nomic life militate against it, and to
Room Supplies.
"Amen!" The reciting of the such a large extent that most of the
"Kiddush" over the wine and the par- Jews in New York City probably dis-
Detroit, Michigan
8506.8520 South Street
1529 BROADWAY
ticipation by all the members of the regard the prohibition. Here is where
HEMLOCK 4121
HEMLOCK 8673
family in this ceremony add joy to the criterion of functionalism com-
Opp.
Capitol
Theatre
Cedar 2710
the Sabbath and impress the young bined with a rational, balanced ap-
with the beauty of Jewish life. The plication to the question under con-
Phone Cherry 4600
Sabbath meal with its characteristic sideration will be of help. The first
well equipped to handle apartment buildings,
will point to the unusual difficulties
dishes is then enjoyed. Between the
and will be glad to serve you. Let us estimate on your
various courses special Sabbath selec- in the way of observing this prohibi-
iv
tions or "Zemirot" as they are called, tion in this country. The second will
show that it is not one of the essen-
job.
are sung by the entire family. Where
tials of Sabbath observance. In fact
possible several families get together
it could well be shown how for some
after the meal to continue Sabbath
Jews whose business compels them
i v
festivity. All are in festive Sabbath
to work on Sunday and who also heed
attire. Singing and quiet games con- this prohibition. the Sabbath is made
tinue till late at night.
a day of burdens. Instead of giving
Special prohibitions are mentioned them an opportunity to spend the day
,
dill%
by the rabbis and actually observed socially with their frineds or rela-
today against sadness on the Sabbath. tives whom they might have to travel
It is considered a duty to eat "three to see, they are compelled to stay at
meals" during the day of rest. The home and are deprived of the Sabbath
description of this joyous spirit of joy they might get. it may be that
Friday evening applies equally to the this prohibition, in their case, tends
following day. Many a rabbinic to negate the Sabbath spirit and de-
legend tells of rewards to those who stroy it by emphasis on the letter.
-
celebrate the Sabbath with joy while
The writer does not arrogate to
one describes the giving of the Sab- himself the right to make decisions
bath to Israel in the following wools: on questions of Jewish traditional
'The Holy One, blessed be Be, said Practice. But he believes that he is
to !doses, 'Moses, I have a good gift justified in pointing out how his cri-
.
in my treasure house. Sabbath is its teria of values tend to operate. If
name, and I want to give it to Israel. used with good judgment and with a
Go and bring them the good news'!"
historical sense they will actually
Not a small part of the Sabbath joy serve as a guide to the intelligent
may be attributed to the spiritual teacher or curriculum maker. They
activity in which the Jew engaged on will lead to emphasis on essentials and
that day. Busy during weekdays will gradually weed out the unessen-
with earning a livelihood, he had the tials in the Jewish curriculum.
It may, however, be contended that,
_opportunity on the Sabbath to study,
to read, to enjoy the kind of rest wherever the immigrant parents cher-
which is found in the change of ac- ish certain values and the children
tivity from the pursuits of a business develop a point of view that will
week to those of learning and in- show some of these values to be of
tellectual discussion. The Sabbath little significance, the chasm between
was a day of rest, a day of joy, but parents and children will widen. Such
also a day for prayer and instruction. a contention is justified. The answer
The welcoming of the Sabbath is is two-fold. in the first place, it is
marked by special services in the better that the child should develop
THE JEWISH SABBATH
111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111 11111111111111111111 111111111 111I
IIIIIIII I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I IIIIIIIIII I IIIII I IIIIIIIIII I IIIIIIII
Greetings
RoshHashonahGreetings
ON THIS MOMENTOUS OCCASION IN
THE LIVES OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE
MAY WE NOT PAUSE A MOMENT TO
WISH OUR HUNDREDS OF FRIENDS A
HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR
WEBSTER
LUMBER and COAL CO.
Alldis Real Estate Co.
SASH DOORS
INTERIOR FINISH
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SHINGLES
GIFFORD
Lumber and Finish
o
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. 1.. •■•■ ■ ...................wo.......... ■■■■■■■■■■■?,
I
I
ROSH HASHANAH GREETINGS
0
A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR
WOOD
$
Liberty Tile & Mosaic Co.
Kli:Kil::
0
0
0
Terrazzo, Tile and Marble Contractors
0
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The J. F. Hartz
Company
Interstate Millwork Co.
1627 METZGER AVENUE
We are
$ I
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Brirnit 6atit tritie Tn.
ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE PRODUCTS
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1
icy Ito
AN IPA
next
mB No
P r
%/IVO%
i m%141Nia
HONEST
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\
Rosh Hashonah
Greeti ngs
FR OM
. \lii 1
. .
.s , CELLER
To
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ATTIC
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101:10
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1 T. P. Conroy Co • n
O
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0
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7015 HARPER
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Happy
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