PAGE TWO r, PETRorr, sn (hRom 'az The Arab-Jewish Problem The Restless One By DR. DAVID J. SANDWEIS By PEG (Editu's Note :—The following essay was written by Dr. Sandweis as a contribution to the contest conducted by the University of Michigan Inter- collegiate Zionist Association and was awarded first prize. Judges in the contest were Fred M. Butzel and lee A. White of Detroit and Professor C. It ibbert of Ann Arbor. The prizes in the contest were given by Joseph II Ehrlich sod Max Lieberman.) "This fair defect of Nature." So, "This is only partly true," she re- I believe, Milton once defined woman; plied. "To be sure, woman has die ies that 111811 has not. and so I believed, truly or not, after Hut this m•eiy I had got to kno• Mrs. Behrens. means that she has less time to di it-1- She was a fascinating little crea- in, her individuality than has mai; it ture in many ways; that is to say— does not mean at all that she 1. ed for here. I must begin my qualifica- necessarily lose it entirely. Suni-se INTRODUCTION Cave dwellers and Ilittities, Amorites tions—she was fascinating to the man she has but two hours a day that,re and Philistines, Hebrews and Phoe- who looked for mind as well as mat- her own. She could devote one ...If Prc-War Zionist literature contains nicians, Babylonians and Assyrians, ter in woman. I can't honestly say or even one quarter of this time t ■ in curiously few allusions to the Arab Hellenes and Romans, Egyptians and that she was good looking. She really outside activity which interests t.,.r. problem. Stray articles on the sub- Turks have in turn fought for the wasn't. But she got to be good look- She may he able to accomplish I , :le jece are le he found in some of the country and conquered it and left ing, if you appreciated a mind such per day, or even per year; but •.,.r more thoughtful Zionist periodicals. their traces behind them. object is not really like man's, a •e as hers. To humanity therefore Palestine is On the whole, however, Zionists, or at Ilex mind was forever active. She the desire is to reach the goal qu k all events Zionists outside of Pales- a country of peculiar interest. But ly; it is to have a goal." loved company, but only because that tine, do not seem to have been fully for the .lows it has a surpassing im- • • • gave her an opportunity to propound alive to the importance of the Arabs portance. Within the geographic lim- Them % came the cruel disappo.... difficulties, to hear comment and to its of that country they felt the first as an element in their calculation. mein to nu.. Deceived is I had I, • ii air her views. The situation assumed a different throes of nationhood. Under its spell She was forever anticipating the time and time again with the pit:. aspect, when Palestine passed with al- they grew and conceived the mission ers who forever preach and nr. .t future—or trying to. Shaw showed to he "unto the peoples a covenant, most bewildering suddenness from a her the way, she said, and Shaw never practice, I felt certain that Mrs. ,. distant vision into an urgent reality. and for a light unto the nations." had a more enthusiastic disciple. rens could not belong to this chi-. Whatever the visionary Palestine may From the very beginning of their his- fo did. mrs. When I got to know her this summer Yet she have hen the real Palestine was not a tory they have regarded it with strik- I found Behrens was q,, her head was full of schemes for co- land without a people. It was indeed ing affection greater and more lasting cultivated; she knew lots of no, v operative livifig. I must also add that far from being populated, nor had it than that which any other people can things; but she had no one grand, these schemes had troubled her brain, in any sense an organized national have for their native land. For nearly as they had Upton Sinclair's long be- aim in view. This thing one 11 life. It had nevertheless a substan- two thousand years it was the center that thing another --it was all;c0 a e. fore we had reached a housing crisis, tial number of inhabitants rooted to of their nation and for nearly two "Co into any New York district," less. She could see in others I, the soil. Nor was this all. At the mo- thousand years more it has been the such a life would lead to a craving she would say, "and look around you." ment when the Jewish National move- center of their hopes and aspiration. In every street there are hundreds of "excitement" and yet she fell victim The idealist movement "Back to the ment appeared on the scene. It was a mothers, with hundreds of baby car- reality. Inchoate and incoherent as Land" had begun the very day when riages, with hundreds of miniature he l r lil e . f c. ante aware of it in this win ; it was it became in the circumstances Rome captured Jerusalem, long before homes. One mother regularly meets During one of the intermissions at of the war a force to be reckoned persecution canoe to spur it. But it other mothers in the street, but it is the—not theater, but synagogue, with; nor could Palestine remain was not till the nineteenth century only for the purpose of idle gossip. It where the performance was long wholly unaffected by what was pass- had nearly run its course in 11397 that never occurs to any of them that in- dull (not at all due to the Almigloi, Theodore Ilerzl, stung to full Jewish ing in the Arab world. stead of six mothers taking care of but to the rabbi and his flock,1 \Ir We have then at the present time consciousness himself by the shame of six baby carriages one mother would Behrens, a mutual friend, and I u•r, the Dreyfus case, called a congress of on one hand the British government suffice just as well, and give the other strolling up, and down in front of the exercising a mandatory over Pales- Jewish representative men at Basle live women a freedom that they could synagogue, discussing 101 different in Switzerland and founded modern tine based on the Balfour Declaration, be taught to utilize to their advan- topics, when the discussion turned up- and on the other the Jewish and Arab political Zionism. The aim of the tage. Each mother could be on duty on matter of sex. Our friend deplio peoples, the former making superhu- movement was defined as the "estab- man efforts to establish in Palestine a lishment in Palestine of a publicly- to entrust to a mandatory the admin- live and economic conditions as will most active and virile commercial every sixth day, say, and have five ed the hypocritical view taken liy thy' "law-arid-order" crowd, which tal•• • afternoons or mornings to herself. national home for the Jews, the latter secured and legally guaranteed Home istration of Palestine and that the secure the establishment of the Jewish races in the world, which appears de- "Then, again, take the matter of free discussion on sex matters. b u t mandatory should be responsible for National. Home, as laid down in the termined to spare no effort in making working with no less effort to oppose for the Jewish people." it. The immediate objective was to ob- putting into effect the declaration re- preamble and the development of self - the best of every economic possibility the home. True, we want a certain which encourages them behind ch., At the meeting of the Zionist Con- tain a charter from the Sultan, back- ferred to above,—but the mandate had governing institutions, and also fu ✓ which the country possesses." F:Ise- amount of individuality in each case. rsfhat was not the view taken by gress, the supreme governing body of ed by the Great I'owers, for autono- to he ratified by the council of the safe-guarding the civil and religion s where in the report he gives the Jews Possibly a common dining room is the Zionist Organization, held at mous Jewish colonization in the Holy League of Nations. rights of all inhabitants of Palestine , full credit for what they have already not always a success, and perhaps dthoeo"T o . tinders of religion, but rather by misguided fanatics. And a man is Carlsbad in Sept. 1921, a resolution Land; and the means to that end done. Ile points out that the impor- even a common kitchen may give rise so apt to establish rules contrary to the meantime the Jews started it- risme i%e of rate or religion. was passed expressing as the official were: first the rousing and strength- on In their Article 4:—An appropriate Jewis h lance of oranges as a commercial crop to differences. But surely, when there way home. Aker centuries .statement of the Zionist aims, "the ening of the Jewish national feeling in of wandering and oppression they re- agency shall be receignezed as a pub- 1"has been developed only in the last are perhaps 37 tenants in one apart- all Nature!" With one of these swift passage: determination of the Jewish people to every Jewish community and the or- turned to the promised land. About lic body for the purpose of advisin g 30 years and mainly through the ef- ment or tenement house there is little live with the Arab people on terms of ganization of the Jewish people inter- rhyme or reason why 37 tenants from one theme to another he nest 25,01)0 of them have entered Palestine and co-operating with the Adminis _I forts of Jewish agricultural colonies." unity and mutual respect, and togeth- nationally for combined action; and since the signing of the Armistice and tration of Palestine in such economic "Thegrowing of grapes for a purely should proceed to buy 37 one to four- challenged me to maintain the asset- thin of the noble husband that the er with them to make the common secondly the establishment of a na- social, and other matters as may af- commercial wine industry was intro- pound packages sugar; 37 loaves of home into a flourishing community, tional trust, in the form of banking made themselves at home. "This is fect the e.stablishment of the Jewish duced about 35 years ago by Jewish bread, 37 or twice 37 pounds of pota- married is always, always true to his the upbuilding of which may assure to cmopany, for purchase of land and our home" they say proudly, and they national home and the interests of the colonists on the Plain of Sharon." The toes, and so on. Thinlvof the economy wife. Ile emphasized being "mental- each of its peoples an undisturbed na- the work of colonization. Beres call talk of a new Jewish culture, a new Jewish population in Palestine, and almond crop "is estimated at 3,000,- of time and the saving of money if ly" true—meaning thereby the ab- Jewish civilization that will regener- tional development." converted the sentiment of the masses ate Palestine--the entire Middle East. subject always to the control of th e 000 pounds, most of this amount be- one of the r would buy for herself sence from the married man's mind But no feasible agreement had so into an ardent enthusiasm; the efforts and for the other 3ff, which means of all thoughts about women other And on July 22, 1922, The parlia- administration to assist and tak e ing from the organized industry of the that each woman would lie very busy than his wife. far ,been reached between the Jews of a few pioneers into a national striv- part iri the development of the court Jewish colonies." "New experiments ment of the world, the Supreme Coun- and the Arabs; the tension between ing. I very readily admitted that my try." in producing raw silk are now being once in :37 days and could do other the two peoples does not grow less; profitable work on the other 313 days." thoughts often wander, and I ventur- Thirty years of successful pioneer cil of the League of Nations, confirm- It was a day of rejoicing fur th e made by Zionists direction," he says. and men interested in the political work had made an impression on the ed the Palestine Mandate which recog- Being a skeptic, I asked her what ed to add that, judging from what I For nearly 11,000,000 of Jews condition of Palestine are not without world. And during the war the sen- nizes by international law and under whole Jewish people. she means by "profitable work." Pos- knew, my experience seems to be the worry. On the faith if the pledges which throughout the world the rebuilding sibly my look gave me away, for her experience of every normal human timent has hardened into a conviction international guarantee the right of In this essay the writer made an at- that the opportunity for the Jewish the Jewish people to establish their the world has given the Jewish pen of Palestine is the translation of eyes grew angry with impatience and being, even after marriage. tempt to compile all necessary facts restoration has come. In every part National Home in the land from which ple the Jews throughout the world are - spiritual values into terms of econom- her lips piffled uncommonly far. "Then you admit that man is a needed for an understanding of the of the world the Jewish democracy de- they were exiled over nineteen hun- already concentrating themselves t o ic reconstructlim. The Bolshevik re- "Typical of the man," she said. polygamous animal?" he cried. Palestine with an ardour and devo- gime in Russia and the ecwmic col- "You men behave towards women in Jewish-Arah Problem of Palestine, manded that at the end of the war dred years ago. "I never denied it," I answered. and he treats these, grouped as fol• Palestine shall he a Jewish country, It was the Jewish Magna ('harts tion which sufficiently bespeak the lapse of Eastern Europe have reduced much the way that the capitalist class "And you therefore admit that the lows: firmness of their resolve. Since th e to ruins half the Jewish world. The behaves towards the workers. The present life is unnatural?" and the claim of the Jew to national and it reads in part: long, the unavoidable, delay in the 1. The Jews and Palestine. "Y -yes." Ile noticed my hesi- home in Palestine was based: (1) by "Whereas the high contracting par- British occupation upwards of two rights over women that you men have 2. The Palestinian Arabs and Pal- right of the history of his fathers, ties, further agreed that the manda- million pounds have been poured into formal approval of the mandate, th e inherited from past ages remain with tancy. The instinct due to contem- instability that so long obstructed estine. Palestine by Jewish public bodies, to (2)).by right of his own devotion to tory should he responsible for putting peaceful progress in Palestine, th you and reason never invades that porary civilization was with me still. 3, England and Palestine. I proceed rapidly: ,this'ideal of a national life, (3) by into effect the declaration originally say nothing of the large sums made sinister suggestions of an impending e part of • your sanctum. So the capi- "But hold a minute. To begin with, right of a persecuted people to have a made on Nov., 2, 1917, by the govern- available for Jewish colonlzatoin renudiation of British pledges, which talist: to him men were made to be THE JEWS AND PALESTINE home of its own, (4i y right of the ment fo his Britannic Nta • e.sty, and Baron Edmond de Rothschild, and the ' will be referred to below, which hav exploited, and the large mass of work- the man who is no idler finds little e assistance given to the Allies in the adopted by the other Allied Powers, still larger amounts of capital brought en, like the weeping of women, occasion for such stray thoughts," In consideration of its size Pales- campaign in Palestine by the Jewish in favor of the establishment in Pal- into the country by Jewish private en been constantly put ahout in interest- really Ile immediately interrupted me at think that such is their lot in tine has certainly played an ample Legion, and, (5) by right of his re- estine of a national home for the Jew- toprise. With Jewish immigration - ed quarters, have added to the difficul- life. 'Profitable work,' indeed! Give this point. ties of this period which is happily ap- part in the great movements that have cent successful exertions on the soil. ish people, it being clearly understood there came a visible quickening of the "You are merely saying that a de- proaching its end. In face of all this, her the opportunity, open up her eyes swayed and influenced the world. And on Nov. 2, 1917, Mr. Balfour that nothing should he dune which social and economic life of the coun- so that she may see, hinder not from liberate attempt is necessary to ban- From the people that have grown up made public on behalf of the British might prejudice the civil and religious try. The Jews have built up some 50 the Jews have already to their credit ish such thoughts from the mind. In and flourished there have come forth government that, "it views with fa- rights of the existing non-Jewish cont. flourishing agricultural colonies. They concrete achievements in Palestine seeing, and instead of hearing obout other words, then, what comes natural woman's place in the home we shall the old and new Testaments. Yet in vor the establishment in Palestine of mynities in Palestine, or the rights have created in Tel-Aviv an urban which point to what may he expected enough to the men should not he en- the inverse ratio of the people them- a natural home for the Jewish people and political status enjoyed by Jews center with all the pleasantness of of them immediately the situation be- hear that woman and man's place is couraged?" in the home and man and woman's selves have suffered and bled. The un- and will use its best endeavors' to fa. in any other country; and 11 hereas, European civilization. Neglected soil comes normal. Confronted by innum- place is outside the home. I proceeded without directly reply- fortunate situation of the country is cilitate the achievement of this object recognition has thereby been given to has been cleared, marshes have been erable obstacles, obstructed by contin- "A man when he marries begins ing to this interruption: probably to blame fur this. In the it being clearlf understood that noth. the historical connection of the Jew- drained, and the stony hill-tops affor- uous misunderstandings, handicapped "Then, again, our present existing his career; a woman ends it. After by cross currents of an unstable poli- days during which warfare has ac- mg shall be done which may prejudice ish people with Palestine and to the ested, The school of agriculture near order is such that putting into action complished the policy of ambitious communities in Palestine or the rights grounds for reconstituting their Na- J affa and their agricultural experi- tical situation, but mindful of the sa- marriage the woman is expected to the stray thoughts that come to man confine her attention to her home and cred associations which have never peoples and has played the fame of and political status enjoyed by Jews tional Home in that country—Hereby ment stations at Atilt are the only in- her children and be interested in her would merely add the finishing unscruplous rulers—front the iarliest in any other country." approves the terms of said mandate stitutions of their kind in the coun- ceased to hind them to the soil of Pal- husband's work only, not in any of her touches to a world already three-quar- time down to our own day—Palestine try. So too were the model farm and estine, they are firmly resolved to pm- Then came the Treaty of Versailles, as follows: own. Her individuality becomes mer- ters demoralized. Besides, do we owe reed on their appointed path. has been crossed mid recrossed by the Conference of the I'rincipal Al- "Article 2:—The mandatory shall schools of Art and ('rafts. The intro. Such is the spirit in which the Jews ged m that of her husband's She is nothing to our children?" those whom ideas of conquest have led lied Powers at San Remo, followed by be responsible for.41acing the coon- deletion of improved breeds of cattle, "I, for my part am not going to live. through its valleys and over its hills. the Tretay of Sevres. It was agreed try under such political, administra- experiments in poultry farming, to. are turning to the task if reconstitu- no longer of any consequence. Her d the , ii i• , a o y,a si t ,u i pid society orders me to very name is obliterated bacco planting and the culture of ting their national Home. In the n " "Right here you will find much of silkworms---these are some of the words of Dr. Chaim Weizrnann, the I," said Mrs. Behrens. r "Neithe home tragedy. With no aim, with enterprises assumed by the Zionists. official head of the World Zionist Or- She had been silent for an unusu- nothing particularly to look forward The Jews lead the way in educa- ganization: ally long time. I looked at her, and to, a secret desire for some form of "It is the attempt to bridge over a tion and alone possess a complete 'excitement' talu.s hold of a woman. then I knew why. She had been try- educational system from the kinder- gulf which has opened between our suppress, unsuccessfully as it ing to Her stivation is much that of the idle garten to the technical high school, - selves and our past, to re-establish to t now appeared, her pent-up emotions. a system now crowned by a univernay continuity. To stride this gulf is a rich. This continual outburst which I looked at her and then at him, and tries to find relief in some form of the medical department of whit h is tremendous strain and requires the 'excitement' would find amuch better I understood. • • • soon to be opened. On their total edu- endurance of a giant. It it only pos- cational expenditure of Ef09,000 a sible to people who have an inspira- outlet if woman had a goal to strive Mrs. Behrens left her husband. In for which would occupy her as Mice- year all but Ef3,350 is provided from tion, but we have the inspiration and time our friend left her. She is very tively as the hunt for the husband Jewish sources. Since the Autumn of we will conquer." now occupies her before her marriage unhappy. She is wise, and yet not 1918 the American Zionist Medical "1,11 wise enough. Are we? and her intellectual death." , r.t.,;teery Unit, maintained at a cost of some THE ARABS AND PALESTINE A friend of ours interrupted at this Ef100,000 a year from Jewish funds, point to observe that since woman and While the son honors his parents. UR first general reduction sale is meeting with such has administered to the sick without Since the signing of the Armistice of man bore children, the functions God holds it as if He were dwelling distinction of race. generous response that we urge all our patrons to of the one could never be quite the near the child, and were Himself re- about 25,000 Jews entered Palestine, The quickening of economic and So- • take immediate advantage of the wonderful values ceiving the honor.—The Talmud. cial life to which Jewish nubile bodies Added to the Jews already there they same as those of the other. before it is too late. have so powerfully contributed has form a small minority of the popula- been materially accelerated by private tion. Of roughly a million inhabi- Notice the two items we quote today—they are just enterprise. The revival of the building tants official estimates show one sev trade—the first sign of renewed eco- enth to be Jews. The Jews themselves a sample of the good opportunities that await you during From the President's Desk—Talk No. 150. nomic vitality—is almost exclusively claim that the population numbers this really authentic sale. attributable to Jewish capital, which well under a million and that accord- ingly they are one-fifth of the whole. was invested in this industry last year Hardly necessary to to an estimated total of F:£ 140,000 in But whether one-seventh or one-fifth describe this beauti- Jaffa alone. The only mortgage hank the Jews form a small minority; and ful reproduction of in the country is that which was es- the Arabs stiffen when they think that ,early American tablished under Zion auspices. Tht• the Jews in minority are aiming for period. Both in Wal- orange-parking houses at Patach- political and economic control of Pal- nut or Mahogany, Takvah and Rehoboth, the silicate- estine and that the firitish are aiding and marked now Bricks factory at Jaffa, the Waal them to see ure it. There is the root fl our mill, the cemont factory, and oil of the trouble. The Arabs look at the newcomers factory at Ilaifa, the introduction of Have you overlooked this expense such industries as watch making, fur- with hate and suspicion as could well in figuring out your family ex- niture making, and weaving—all these be imagined. They are hitter. Ten- penses each week or month? enterprises are due to energy and sion grows, and now and then on" even hears of bloodshed. zeal of the Jews. You are approaching, or have In analysing the question of the Ar- The economic future of Palestine already reached, your highest depen.ls I rgel • in the use that is abs and Palestine the writer will Ms- earning power. After you pass made of t • Its of the Jordan and •uss this phase under the fo'lowing that point you depreciate in your its tributari ., and of the River Yar- headings: (1) The claim of the Arabs of Pal- earning value to yourself and muk which flows into the Jordan from yi the East. The rivers of Palestine if estine that Palt•stine is their home. family. • (2) The claim that the Mandate as fully utilized, are estimated to be ca- You should be putting into the pable of providing it with as much as it exists now is incompatable with the bank each pay day a percentage four million horse power of regulated pledge given to the Arabs during the energy and with sufficient water for war. (as much as you can possibly s made of wrought iron (3( The reaction produced by the the irrigation of a million and a quar- spare) of your income. You 0 and finished tastily in ter acres of land. A scheme fur the Balfour Declaration on the inhabi- should consider it as an absolute- "" harnessing of these streams has loom tants of Palestine. Dutch metal. ly necessary business or living ex- fully worked out by eompett•nt engi- The Claim of the Arabs of Palestine The shades come assorted That Palestine Is Their Home. neers headed by a .fe•, Pinchas Rut- pense. When bringing their case before the in five solid colors, Price, enberg, who applied and obtained Then—when old age or physical disability cuts from :omplete, now . the British government a con- sorld the Arabs of Palestine say, down your earnings you will have a "reserve" to ( cession for the generation of electric. "Palestine is the time of the Arabs. fall back upon. right have the British to prom- a power. The .It.ws have been respon- What li - V`t; ise the Jews a home in our land?" and Our park benches are filled with men who neg- sible for it and no doubt it will revo- .• lected this strictly business precaution. lutionize the industry of the country. they suggest that the .le•s have no more right to colonize Palestine than As for the commercial field one can refer to the report on the commercial have the Italian descendants of the resources of Palestine issued by the Roman conquerors to colonize Eng- U. S. Dept. of Commerce through Mr. land. The Arabs in Palestine are a part Addison E. Southard, the American of the Arabian people of whom there Consul of Jerusalem, are about 35,000,000. The 35,000,000 Mr. Southard believes that in com- merce, as distinct from agriculture Arabs occupy 2,000,00 square miles. They are to be found in well develop- and industry Palestine may well have a considerable future, and he looks ed, autonomous settlements in Moroc- co, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli, Egypt, the froward to its becoming an entre port of the first importance for the trade Sudan Mesopotamia, Syria, Yeman, DETROIT MICHIGAN and the Hedjas. They have their own of Eastern Mediterranean. Ile has n, hesitation in recognizing the impor• king in the Hedjas, which is the cen- Visit owe permanent Better Homes Exhibit. Three complete floors-108 roarne ter of Arabian life. So far as the lance of the Jewish contribution to the economic development of Palestine. Arabian nationality is concerned, they lie states plainly in his introductory are amply protected and provided for. Griswold aed Lafeyette. Referring to the above analogy: If chapter that the main factor in the 70 Years of Success . commercial rebirth of Palestine is England were half empty; if it were "the sentimental and material atten- inhabited by • people who had not tion it Is receiving from one of the (Turn to Page Eight) THE JEWISH CITIZENS OF THIS COMMUNITY MOURN WITH THE ENTIRE NATION THE DEATH OF WARREN GAMALIEL HARDING, THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. THE SYMPATHIES OF OUR PEO- PLE GO FORTH TO THE FAMILY OF OUR DEPARTED PRESIDENT. 0 • 110-edi eiearance8d Ifit ttie, 1 1 la% ustnem are Te O g. Physical Depreciation Governor Winthrop Desk This Beautiful Reading Lamp i $26 Detroitfumiture$hops %trot at topelie IFILS A BAN CAA- ir 1":-.44.11P