1)ruton; Awls! PAGE FOUR toA but between the more worthy and the less worthy, between the institutions that are absolutely necessary and those without which society can continue to peg along. This matter of ap- pealing for money is really being overdone at the present time. MICHIGAN'S JEWISH IIOME PUBLICATION The constant stream of mendicants addressing the people in I Published Weekly by The Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc. person and by letter is bound to wear upon the patience even Jacob H. Schakne, Business Manager Joseph J. Cummins, President of the most generous, with the result that many a worthy cause that would otherwise not appeal in vain is likely to go unaided. Mitered u second-class matter March 3, 1916, at the Postoffice at Detroit, By PHILIP SLOMOVITZ We wish that some plan might be devised by which all Mich., under the Act of March 3, 1879. appeals of the nature cited might go through a sort of clearing At last the call has been sounded house. But we confess that we are at sea as to how such an and every element of Jewry here is General Offices and Publication Building asked to play a part in one of the arrangement could be made, 850 High Street West OH' EMS!' &RON ICLE THEJ pigcstin.g Cable Address: Telephone: Chronicle Glendale 9300 LONDON OFFICE 1 ♦ STRATFORD PLACE LONDON, W. I, ENGLAND • eabsertntion, In Advance $3.00 Per Year Te Insure publication, all correspondence and new. matter must reach this office by Tuesday evening of each week. RABBI LEO M. FRANKLIN..... Editorial Contributor SOLUTION OF ECONOMIC PROBLEM IN PALESTINE'S RECONSTRUCTION By DR. ARTHUR RUPPIN The Jewish Chronicle Invites correepondence on subjects of interest to dm Jewish people, but disclaims responsibility for an indorsement of the view expressed by the writers. January 5, 1923 Tebeth 17, 5683 The Keren Hayesod. If, as is now claimed by its sponsors, the Keren Hayesod or Palestine Foundation Fund, as it is popularly called, is an or- ganization whose one and sole purpose is to create a fund for the physical restoration of Palestine in order that it may be made habitable for those who wish to dwell there, and if it has severed every official association, financial and otherwise, with political nationalism, there is good reason why Jews' of all shades of religious opinion should support its efforts in the corn- ing campaign for funds which is about to be staged in our city. However, we cannot too strongly insist upon the qualifica- tion that is thus made. For it must be known that the Keren Hayesod was for a considerable period so closely identified with Zionistic propaganda that the non-Zionist could not consistently give it his support and endorsement. It was for this reason that the Central Conference of American Rabbis, desiring to do its full share in the necessary work of Palestinian rehabilitation, gave its support to the so-called P. D. C., an organization whose sole purpose has to do with the creation of industries in Pales- tine by which a livel:hood may be assured to those who settle there. The Central Conference of American Rabbis, speaking for a majority of the Reform rabbis in this country, has from the beginning of the agitation for Palestinian settlement been con- sistent in' its attitude. It would have nothing to do with any propaganda for the re-establishment of a Jewish state. It does not believe that the genius of the Jew expresses itself best in the terms of government but rather in the terms of religion. Now it seems that many of those who were not in agree- ment with this attitude are nevertheless ready to concede that 4he physical restoration of the land is the first step that must be taken if Palestine is to become a haven of refuge for some of those Jews who are oppressed in other portions of the world. Among these, we are assured, are the responsible heads of the Keren Hayesod. We are told that such leaders as Weizmann and Sokolow are willing to assert in writing that such is the case. If this be true, there is every reason why the campaign for funds on the part of the Keren Hayesod and the P. D. C. should be met with a generous response on the part of all Jews. For even though we may stand opposed to any theory of Jewish nationality, we must be ready to endorse a plan that will lift any considerable portion of our suffering co-religionists out of the wretched situation in which they now find themselves. Maximilian Harden on Anti-Semitism. It will perhaps be something of a surprise to the majority of those who know Maximilian Harden from his works to learn that he is a Jew by birth and that his proper name is Isidore Witkowski. However, if press reports are reliable, Mr. Harden himself is responsible for these statements. In the course of the trial of Weichardt and Grenz, who were charged with an attempt at assassinating him, Harden is reported to have said that, despite the fact that for forty years he had been a "con- firmed Christian," the fact of his Jewish birth was yet held against him and was a direct cause of the attempt made to put him out of the way. Moreover, he asserted in open court that if these would-be murderers were not convicted and properly punished, the life of every Jew in Germany would be in danger. So it seems after all that a mere change of name and of church affiliation does not wipe out what our enemies are prone to regard as the stain which being a Jew puts upon the charac- ter of even a great man. What a lesson this should be for luke- warm Jews, and especially for those who, having risen to posi- tions of prominence and power, seek to hide their Jewish origin under false names and who turn their backs upon their fellows in faith. The fact of the matter is—and it proves itself time and time again—that only the self-respecting Jew who honors himself by honoring the faith into which he is born can hope to win and hold the respect of right thinking men and women of what- soever name. Maximilian Harden is right. Though a Jew has been for forty years a "confirmed Christian," none the less in the eyes of his neighbors does he remain the Jew. ARTICLE IV. Boxing examined the problems with which the development of agri- culture and industry in Palestine is confronted, and having indicated the road along which lies their solution, we now raise the question: What must we do, under the circumstances, to give to s large number of Jewish immigrants the possibility of gaining a livelihood in l'alestine. The problem is quite different from what is, say, in the United States of America. Here the immigrant finds an already highly developed and ever-expanding national economy, where there is a fairly large demand for the middleman to bring the goods from the producer to the consumer. The Jew with his special aptitude for commerce finds it possible, even in competition with the non-Jew, to es- tablish for himself a decent liveli- hood. But what is even more im- portant is the fact that, coming from Eastern Europe to America, the Jews come from a country with a compara- tively low to a country with a very high standard of living. They are, therefore, able to capture for them- selves a place in the economic order. 30,000 Immigrants Yearly. Given a yearly budget such as the one adopted by the Zionist Congress in Karlsbad (the budget amounted to 51,506,000) and a like amount for the two years following, it may be asked: What number of immigrant s will it be possible to settle in Pales- tine the first year and the two subse- quent years? It is, of course, im- possible to give an exact reply to thi s question. It must not be expected that the Zionist Organization will maintain the entire immigration out of its own resources. The organiza- tion must, of necessity, expect that the immigrants will contribute to a certain extent in the way of capital, technical equipment and knowledge. It is as yet uncertain, however, to what extent the immigrants will ful- fill these expectations. Nevertheless, I will say that I do not consider it impossible to bring some 30,000 immigrants into Pales- tine yearly. To some this may ap- pear very little, but those who will bear in mind that we shall thereby double the present number of Jews in Palestine in the course of three years, and that in the course of one year we shall bring into Palestine as many Jews as immigrated during the 15 years before the war, will realize that it will indeed be a tremendous achievement if we succeed in reach- ing this figure yearly and are able to assure the immigrants a permanent livelihood in Palestine. It is much more difficult to bring into the coun- try the first 100,000 than the second. Don't Blame the Children. Eight Years Ago and Today. It is well, at this point, to take stock of the gains and losses which the movement for the rebuilding of the Jewish national center in Pales- tine has experienced in the past eight years. The representatives of this movement were then nothing but a mere sect and in their economic aspir- ations were not infrequently met with that contempt with which gov ernment and other circles of estab- lished tradition are apt to regard all sectarian movements. Now, how- ever, thanks to the Balfour Declara- tion and the Mandate, we have been given a place in the council of the nations. The derisive smile on the countenances of many of our own people has given way to a sense of respect and admiration for the weight of our ideas. The number of Jews who have given their adherence to the movement has increased enor- mously and thereby, also, its motive power and its economic and financial possibilities. Another advantage of the present, as compared with the past, is that Palestine now has an ad- ministration which is inaccessible to bribery and which evinces an intelli- gent and sympathetic understanding in economic matters. we are now no longer responsible merely to ourselves for our achieve- ments in Palestine. Formerly the Jews could do as much work in Pales- tine as they wanted to or were able to do, and only had to justify them- selves before their own consciences if they achieved but little. Now, how- ever, we find that those powers who have recognized the legitimacy of the historic claims of the Jews have turned their watchful eyes upon them, eager to see whether they ac- tually make full use of the oppor- tunities given them and whether they really are carrying out their promise to transform Palestine eco- nomically into the leading country of Western Asia. The utterance of Lloyd George af- ter the Conference of San Remo: "Now I have given you a start, it is up to you to make good," is not merely a promise, it is also a warn- ing. If our readiness for sacrifice and our powers of achievement were to fail us, then the Balfour Declaration and the Mandate would torn from a blessing into a curse. Our task, needless to say, will not be an easy one, and among our prin- cipal difficulties we must not under- estimate the opposition to our activi- ties which has manifested itself among the Arabs. This opposition, which is largely the result of artifi- cial stimulation, will, I believe, even- tually become a negligible quantity, especially among the fallaheen or Arab peasants, who, of course, form the vast majority of the Arab popu- lation. We must, however, recog- nize the fact that the right of the Arab to live in Palestine is no smaller than our right to re-establish our homeland in that country. It will be wise policy on our part to recognize this fact in our various undertakings for the development of the country. Money, Money and Money. A famous Austrian general once remarked that for the successful con- duct of war three things are neces- sary: money, money and money. This saying is no less true for the success- ful colonization of a country. Colo- nization in general, except in such countries which possessed great and quickly-realizable natural wealth, such as the gold which the Spaniards found in Mexico and Peru, is very expensive. The colonization of Pal- estine by Jews, which involves trans- ferring a people from a country with a higher to one with a lower standard of living; which involves also their transfer to a country with a new cli- mate; which involves their transform- ation from city dwellers into peasants and farmers, is especially difficult. We cannot consider the rebuilding of Palestine as intended merely to provide a living to a certain number of Jews. We aim to establish a sound economic basis for a much more im- portant purpose. Te life of Judaism is at stake and there is no other way to preserve it except through Pales- tine. The religious bond is losing its effectiveness; the large majority of the young generation is indifferent to it. It is ignorant of Jewish achieve- ment and, therefore, devoid of Jew- ish pride. The achievements of great Jews are not identified with the Jew- ish people but with the people with which they happen to be politically affiliated. Without pride our children will not remain loyal to their herit- age. A New Bond for Judaism. If American Jews wish their chil- dren to remain • Jews, they most see to it that there is something distinctly Jewish of which they can be proud. All Jewish achievements in America as well as in other countries is modi- fied and diluted by the non-Jewish environments. Only in Palestine can we hope to see Jewish genius and Jewish culture developed unhampered by non-Jewish and anti-Jewish influ- ences. The fruition of the Jewish spirit in Palestine will serve its own culture as well as that of the world at large. There our children will find a source from which to nourish their Jewish pride. A new bond must be created for the continued life of Judaism and that bond is Palestine. We are in receipt of a letter which calls attention to the lavish extravagance that is presently indulged in respect to young girls' dress. The writer of the letter speaks of the un- reasonable expenditures in which young people of 19 and 15 Jews Responsible to World. years indulge for amusement of various kinds. And he asks Moreover, what renders our eco- whether some influence cannot be brought to bear upon these nomic activities in Palestine still young people to forego these extravagances in view of the fact more difficult is the fact that, con- that "our brethren in the lands abroad are suffering hunger trary to the situation before the war, and want." With the spirit of this inquiry, absolutely no fault can be found. It is little less than disgusting to observe the fashion I in which little girls not merely out of their teens but scarcely in them, come dressed to school and Sabbath School. Instead of simple clothes such as befit children of their age, they wear lavish furs and, not infrequently, they wear expensive jewels It seems but yesterday that winter came— and other adornments that take away the simplicity and the And yet today modesty that ought to characterize young girlhood. The new-born leaves, a filmy screen of green, But the fault lies not with these children. It is with their Shadow the way. foolish parents, who do not seem to understand that by over- The spring time breezes sway them to and fro— indulgence they are dwarfing the sense of appreciation in their The sunbeams bright children and by over-surfeit are actually robbing them of the Peer laughing through the leaves, and touch dull earth real joys which ought to be their portion. Do not blame the With golden light. children. Blame the parents. Leaves and Grasses A Limit to Patience. By actual count, there have reached the writer's desk within the past week not less than nineteen appeals for contributions to organizations of various kinds. This does not include the large and ever increasing number of agents for charitable or- ganizations in and out of the city, nor the never ending stream of mendicant merchants who wish subsidies for their books, nor the representatives of Palestinian orphan asylums, old folks' homes, and the like, nor many others whose appeals deserve earnest consideration and generous response. When these appeals are addressed to us in our individual capacity, we do not greatly object, because then the choice is given us to give or not to give, according to our means and in- clination. But when, as frequently happens, the personal re- quest is coupled with the suggestion that we address an appeal in behalf of this or that institution, or this or that author, or this or that cause, to the members of our congregation, we begin to feel that the thing is being a bit overdone. And we do not blame our people for not responding in alto- gether pleasant spirit to the demands that are thus made upon them. The fact of the matter is that people must discriminate in their giving, not only between the worthy and the unworthy,1 Dull earth! When now it wears a shimmering robe Of living green — The tender grasses that so clothe the ground No clod is seen! So lightly slender that they nod whene'er The wind goes by— Tilting the head to see between the leaves The azure sky! 0 dancing leaves, and swaying grasses green, On every side You tell the graciousness of Israel's God, His bounty wide! You are the humble witness of his love, His tender care— Your beauty lifts man's soul from earth, and turns His thoughts to prayer! ISABELLA IL HESS (The Ark.) Aithren's Griter OUR GUIDING STAR greatest romances in history. The Kerer. Ilayesod, the Palestine Founda- tion Fund, makes claim on the inter- est of every Jew and Jewess, young and old, and demands that not a sin.' gle individual abstain from partici- pation in the great undertaking for the rehabilitation of Palestine. Al- thought yet in its infancy, this fund has accomplished wonders in the past year. It has built a great medical or- ganization, it has established a fine school system and inaugurated a sys- tem of banks that will eventually make the new settlers in the Holy Land independent and entirely self- supporting. Although a strictly Jew- ish fund, it does not discriminate be- tween Jew or non-Jew. Ilundreds of Arabian youths get their education in Jewish Palestinian schools and thou- sands of Moslems are treated in the Jewish hospitals which are a part of the Hadassah Medical Organization. (Young Israel.) Courage, brother! do not stumble, Though the path be dark as night; There's a star to guide the humble: "Trust in God and do the right." Let the road be rough and dreary And its end far out of sight, Fight it bravely! strong, or weary, "Trust in God and do the right." Perish policy and cunning! I'erish all that fears the light! Whether losing, whether winning— "Trust In God and do the right." Simple rule and safest guiding, Inward peace and inward might, Star upon our path abiding, "Trust in God and do the right." HEBREW The Pioneers. The importance of the fund is, most naturally, greatest in the care that it takes of the incoming Chalutzim and Chalutzoth, the men and women pio- neers, who settle in the homeland with a view of starting life anew as a free people, unmolested and safe from per- secutions. The vast majority of the young idealists who settle in Palestine is composed of Jewish intellectuals, college men and women, university graduates and many professional peo- ple and university instructors. All these give up their best possessions to settle in an uncultivated land which they hope again to cause to "flow with milk and honey." Many of these idealists have been seen to land in Palestnie with only one article under their arms,—the philosophic work of Spinoza. Suplemented by the spade and the shovel, they thus adopt a philosophic view of life that is bound to make of Palestine a great spiritual and intellectual center. Because the new settlers are people with a vision. They visualize the new Palestinian homeland not as a means in itself, but as a means to a greater end, which is to serve as a clearing house for the teachings of the Ilebrew sages and prophets, whose teachings have been read and re-read by all peoples, but have never been practiced. It is a utopia they look forward to, but they aim at realizing their ideal in a prac- tical way, and the benefits of such a center are bound to be reaped by all Jewry everywhere, and not by the pioneers alone. By Mao Weine (Student at the United Ilebrew Schools of Detroit.) The opening of the new Talmud Torah certainly is a time for jubila- tion among the Jews of Detroit. This building means that the illiteracy of the average boy and girl with respect to the language, ideals and customs of their people will be greatly de- creased. The doors of this building will soon be thrown open to receive the great influx of boys and girls who desire to know and speak the lan- guage of their forefathers, to know the history of the Jews, and to be acquainted with all of the great men who made the Jewish nation and lan- guage what they are today. The fact that Ilebrew is not heard of so much as other languages does not detract from its quality. Its si- lence through many centuries is due only to the fact that it was not spoken—it was "(lead." But now the Ilebrew tongue is again alive, it is again spoken as the mother language of thousands of people. The immor- tal work of Ben Yehudah has been greatly repaid and our language has taken its place among the literary languages of the world. In point of literature the progress of Ilebrew is inestimable. In the short period of 50 years, such men as Bialik, Tchernichovsky, Judah Leib Gordon, Abramovitz and others have developed a literature which ranks with the greatest on earth. Bialik, the "poet of the Galuth," is now placed among the greatest of the nineteenth century. But this is not all. We are also rightly proud of our place in the literature of the mediaeval ages. Je- hudah Ilalevi has not only been the greatest literary light of his age, but his influence on later literature has been tremendous. At the root of all this progress are the books of the Bible—those won. derful books which, even in trans- lated form, have influenced every literature of the world and refined the speech and customs of every na- tion of the earth. But in the Talmud Torah you get it in the original, in those very words that the prophets used in admonishing their people, that David used in the temple, and with which Job praised the Lord in the face of his oppressors. In He- brew you have the Bible in all its life, in all its gayety and sorrow, with its burning flames of love and fiery anger that has been the inspira- tion of millions of people in tens of centuries. All of this is obtained in the Tal- mud Torah. The modern, pleasant buildings and the modern methods of teaching makes the work a pleasure. I am now in the highest class of the United Ilebrew Schools and I feel that I have reaped many great bene- fits from my knowledge of Ilebrew, the mother tongue of our homeland, Palestine. Try to learn it, and you will never regret it. "The Power of the M ■■ lier." The Talmud says that "Israel will not be redeemed except through the power of the Maaser," and the tithe has been revived by the Keren Haye- sod as a means of self-taxation by Jews for Palestine's rebuilding. It is peculiarly coincident with the Pales- tine ideal that the Maaser, once as fa- miliar to the Jews as the Ten Com- mandments, should be reinstituted. The Maaser has a long and interest- ing history. In times of distress among the Jewish people of the Mid- dle Ages, the Maaser was resorted to as a means of raising . funds among the more fortunate for the alleviation of the sufferings of the less happy and in all Jewish modesty be it said, the wealthy of Israel have proven their worth as the sons of the prophets by giving nobly and by yielding a full tenth of their possessions. The pres- ent Is also a time of gravest problems and most important happenings in the life of the Jewish people. While fully half of our people is in dire need, hundreds of thousands, perhaps mil- lions being daily threatened with ex- pulsions from the lands of their birth, the nations of the world have placed a trust in us in the form of a privi- lege to rebuild our ancient homeland. While an army of half a million men and many women is forced to stay or- ganized for the protection of the Jew- ish people in southern Russia, another army of workers is invited to come to Palestine and till the soil that it may again become fruitful and may again offer a peaceful home for the Jew who may enjoy life "under his vine and fig tree." This is not a dream. It is in fact, too much of a re- ality. But Jews must learn to see the practical without forever remaining the dreamers. This is the Jewish op- portunity. The Keren Hayesod and the Maaser are the instruments for the solving of a grave problem. Every Jew, in his own way, whether he pays the minimum tax of $25 to the Pales- tine Foundation Fund, or whether he gives in the thousands and the hun- dreds of thousands, can share in the joy of doing a great and constructive act. That Israel prove true to his heritage, may his eyes be made to see the great opportunity that is ours. For the present generation has the opportunity of a lifetime to write it- self down in the history of the Jews as the most fortunate and one that has accomplished what has been a dream through a period of exiles and I expulsions. Herbert Samuel's Report. The report of Sir Herbert Samuel, British High Commissioner for Pal- estine, showing the developments of his administration in the past 18 months, comes at a most appropritae time. While the Jewish people is asked to contribute towards the re- building of the Holy Land, the High Commissioner's report reads like a corporation head's financial state. ment to his stockholders. It reads like an inducement for further in- vestments. And investments for the building of a Jewish home are dif- ferent than those made for the mak- ing of a great business enterprise. While the former will yield no profits and rather calls for sacrifice, it is something that gives the individual a far greater benefit than the reap- ing of monetary profits. It offers one the chance of enjoying a true spiritual satisfaction that perhaps nothing else can equal. It gives every one, no matter how far removed from the land itself, the opportunity of becoming a pioneer and a builder. Because, like in time of war, no army can succeed unless it has an army of workers at home to back it up. We have our army of pioneers in Pale...! tine. We must increase the ranks of the pioneers at home. Religionless Russia. A report from Odessa is to the effect that Russia in no religionless that Jewish commissars eat pork and (Turn to last page.) • i.1.1!e "\ictits More News from Palestin • Orphans. So much favorable commen; has been received on the letters we ih. fished from the Palestinian °i• ,119 who are being supported by th. troit Junior Hadassah that we . iit here three more letters from The first is from Sarah Levy Is years old, who was born and is still living in Sated. Her mother is d, ad and her father has not been r, kind to her, so the orphan c , r, tee found it necessary to tok. child away and place her in the Orphanage. Iler letter, writtn io the Junior Hadassah and train . nil from the Hebrew by Hebrew slot follows: "I wish to let you know that I well. The air in general is very ... here. - "Don't you want to know wit,. I learn and in which grade? I air In the fifth grade, but we were glen vacation and am now passing to the sixth grade. The subjects I study are arithmetic, Hebrew, that is, gnus. mar, composition, Bible reading, which I completed, English, geoo i . phy, physics, music, handicraft i. ❑ d physical exercises. Very often we go out on a hige to neighboring vilhq "The climate is fine, not only here but in the whole country. It is bo•n- tiful. The work we have to do at the "home" is very pleasant and not hard at all. We wash floors, sew, crochet, etc. I also take care 14 fl little garden. It is a flower garill.n. Each morning I water the flowers " And here's a letter from Shoshan. nab Leibman, also 10 years old. Both her parents died of typhus in 1918, shortly after returning from gypt, where they had fled during the war. Shoshannah and a little sister were then placed in the Weingarten or. phanage, but were forced to leave because of the treatment. Through the Palestine Orphan Committee, Shoshannah was placed with a foster mother who looks after her. She is a very quiet girl, doing well in her studies, and is happy in her new home, helping in the housework. Iler letter follows: "I was very glad to receive your letter and thank you for it. I wish to tell you that we'll soon get a long vacation, when I'll pass to a higher grade. I'll pass to grade four in the girls' school. I love by studies very much and also love my work in the garden near the home. "Some time ago we were sent from America a small hand-plow. I am using in our garden. During the va- cation I'll write longer letters. Peace be to you and all members of 16. dassah." The thjrd letter is from Salcha Is- rael, born in Jerusalem two years . ago. L. Hoffman writes for her. She is an attractive and lovable little girl. Iler father died of pneumonia in 1920. Her mother is an almost blind woman who is unable to work. She looks after the child very carefully. Here's her letter written for her: "In the name of Salcha Israel, who is yet very little, I wish to thank you for the interest you continue to take in her. Her health has improved con- siderably and now feels real well. However, she is yet receiving special attention. Her speech is now more distinct and clear and she walks well. Her mother, although a plain, un- educated woman, is taking godo care of her and intends to send her to the kindergarten after Succoth to learn Ilebrew. In the home, the Arabian language is spoken." Where the sages bid us beware for the sake of outward appearances, they mean us to regard even our in- nermost chamber as a marketplace. —The Talmud. NEW JEWISH SETTLEMENT JERUSALEM—(J. C. 13.)—A new settlement consisting of 5,000 dunams of land was formed in Emek Israel. Sixty chaluzim have already settled there. Savings of 25% to 40% on All Kinds of Apparel and Furnishings fbr Women at Heyn's January Clear- ance Sale. Now is the Time to Buy HEYMS 1241.1243 Woodward "At the Crosswalk"