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Artist Declares Achievements

NEW YORK. — The Convention
of Jews in His Field Need
Committee is going to fall back upon
the old favorite again for the Annua I
Not Fear Critics
Convention this year, and it seem
that the Convention will take place. a
NAMES LIST OF LEADING
Long Branch as usual. At least thi
is the way things are tending. Wheth - PAINTERS AND SCULPTORS
re the Convention Committee is af
to make experiments again because o
' last year's experience, and wish to el, Expresses
for Collection
the safe and conservative thing o
of
Jewish
Works
in Jeru-
i t
whether it is inertia on their part, i
is of course not for us to say. Al I
salem National Museum
that can be said at this moment is
that there seems to be an unanimous
opinion that if the Convention is held (Copyrighted, 1922, Jewish Corres-
pondence Bureau.)
at Long Branch everybody will be
(Editor's Note:—The author of
pleased.
this article dealing with the Jews'
There are some adventurous spirits
achievements in the plastic arts
who have had the boldness to suggest
is a widely known Jewish painter
that special steamer should be char-
of Germany, who has devoted at
tered to accommodate sonic three hun-
least as much time to the affairs
dred delegates end friends and that
of his people as to his art.)
the flurry party should start up the
There are ancient prejudices which
Hudson from New York on Friday
afternoon, June 30, halting in the appear to be justified only by con-
river on Shabbos, and then proceeding slant repitition. One of these is the
Saturday night up to Albany, where assertion that Judaism is antagonis-
they would be joined by delegates tic to art, but constant repetition has
from up-state and from New England . 1 not made the assertion any more cor-
They would then continue ton their rect. People are fond of supporting
journey and remain on board ship it with the quotation from the Bible:
over the fourth arriving back in New "Thou shalt not make no graven
York bright and early on Wednesday image", and they deduce from it very
shortsightedly and very superficially
morning, July 5.
All sessions of the Convention that Jewish law prohibits all artistic
would be held on board ship and it activity. It is clear, however, to every
would be impossible for any but the , thinking person who really studies
stronger tswinimers to be absent the Talmud, the Sulchan Aruch and
There would be every opportunity for the vast mass of Reponse literature
the jolliest of social functions and the of the great Jewish scholars that the
expense would be not more and pos Bible prohibition is only intended tee
eddy less than that of stuying at a put a stop to idol-worship and not to
the creation of works of art on orna-
hotel.
In feet the whole plan is theoretic mental or other aesthetic grounds. On
ally perfect and has been taken up by the contrary, we see that in the ear-
a small group of hardy radicals with ' liest flourishing position among the
considerable enthusiasm. But the con Jews. in Exodus, Chapter 31, it is
servatives in Young Judaea shake written: And the Lord spoke untie
their heads wisely and think of all th e . Moses, saying, See I have called by
possible embarrassments and difficult name Bezalel the son of Uri, the son
of Hur, of the tribe of Judah: And I
WC that may arise.
have filled him with the spirit of God,
This is the way things stand jus
now in regard to the Convention, bu t in wisdom, end in understanding, and
Young Judaea is a democratic move in knowledge, and in all manner of
went and if those who expect to be workenship, to devise cunning works,
delegates want their opinions to be to work in gold, and in silver and in
registered so that the final findings o f brass, and in cutting of stones, tee set
the Convention Committee and the de- them, and in carving of timber, to
cision Of the Executive Committee work in all manner of workmanship."
With divine inspiration thus estab-
may he influenced by what they think,
they should communicate with the Na- lished as the motive of artistic activ-
ity,
we can no account accept the dic-
, Gout headquarters of Young Judaea
and state in plain terms their opinion tum that Jewish law is antagonistic
of e. matter. Cautious conservative to art. The Bible describes with lov-
will vote for Long Branch; but thus e mg elaboration the details of the ar-
tistic work used in building the Tab-
to whom the lure of adventure i
irresistible will clamor for a cruis e ernacle and later in erecting the Tem-
ple. If objectors point out that King
up the Hudson.
Soloman employed Phoensicians in the
erection of the Temple, we must re-
mind them that Hiram of Tyre, the
The Knights of Judaea elected new Phoenician master builder, who super-
officers Saturday evening, competi
- vised the construction of the Temple,
tion during the election running high
was the son of a Jewess 4,11 the tribe
'numerous ties having to be broken of Naphtali.
It follows then from
before the following were finally
these historical considerations that the
elected: Joe Levine, president; Ab
e Jewish people possessed both original
Torgow, vice-president; Max Weine
artistic abilities and the desire to put
secretary; William Lankin, treasurer
them to use. This is clear also in the
I. Cohen, sergeant-at-arms; Jacob
K adushin, Chronicle reporter; Louis case of the Jews of modern times.
There is evidence for it in countless
I Zack, manager of the indoor baseball
wonderfully illustrated Bibles and
team. A special Pesach program
followed the election, the following other manuscrpits, in the glorious
golden and silver vessels of old syn-
taking place: Max Weine read a hu- I
morous Yiddish story; H. Backoff dis- agogues, the architectural beauty of
cussed the question of continuing the many houses of prayer, and a host of
Pesach rites and ceremonies in the applied art productions now treasured
in the Museum Cluny in Paris, in the
Jewish Homeland in Palestine.
This Saturday evening the series Jewish museums in Vienna and Jeru-
of debates between the various teams salem and in a number of private col-
lections.
composed of members of the Knights
Jew. in Plastic Art.
of Judaea will be closed by a final
Since the days of the Emancipation
debate on the question, "Resolved,
That the Sale and Manufacture of when the walls of the Ghetto fell down
Intoxicating Liquors the Prohibited and the Jews were allowed to move
in Palestine." The team arguing for about freely, there have been in all
prohibition will be J. Levine, N. Zack civilized countries a slowly but con-
and J. Kabatzky. Their opponents stantly growing number of Jewish ar-
will be S. Firestone, William Lankin tists. It is riot my place to speak here
of the large and indisputable activities
and S. Slomovitz.
Visitors are welcome at all regular of Jews in the spheres of music and
meetings of the Knights of Judaea literature. I will admit myself to the
and all interested in Young Judaea splendid achievements of Jews in the
work are invited to attend. The club field of plastic and graphic art.
meets on Saturday evening, at the
It is often asked whether there is
Talmud Torah on Westminster and such a thing at all as Jewish art. It
Delmar avenues.
is not easy to answer the question de-
finitely. There has been so much
written on it that the problem has he-
come even more obscured than it was
Joseph Kurland was elected presi-
previously. First of all, we have to
dent of the Defenders of the White
determine what is Jewish art. All the
and Blue at the meeting held Sunday
errors
which have been made by those
afternoon at the Talmud Torah on
Westminster and Delmar avenues. who have considered the question are
to
be
ascribed
to the fact that they
Other officers elected were: Charles
Levine, vice-president; Sydney H. Lo- have interchanged two ideas—art cre-
ated
by
Jews
and
Jewish art. A work
pate, secretary and Chronicle report-
er; Ben Gorwitz, treasurer. Mem- of art created by a Jewish artist be-
longs
to
the
spiritual
possessions of
bers of the board of directors are:
Barney Jaroslow, Joseph Pike and our race if it shows qualities which
Hyman Tigel. Joseph Kurland was belong exclusively to the Jewish soul.
elected basketball captain for next In other words, those works are to be
counted as Jewish works of art which
year and Max Kaplan manager.
have been created by Jews and which
The program of the afternoon was
featured by discussions of Passover express the emotions, the passions, the
topics by Lewis Stotzky, Saul Figel- life of our people as only a Jew can
sky and Leo nerd
filling. Joseph, express them. People have often re-
Pike reviewed the life of Moses. , (erred to works picturing scenes out
This Sunday Phil Slomovitz will of Jewish history, Jewish types, Jew-
address the organization on a Zionist ish family life, etc.' as being Jewish
topic of timely interest, touching on art. But here, too, there is a funda-
• the Arab situation and the political mental error due to a superficiality of
prospects for the speedy ratification . thought regarding this most difficult
, of the Palestinian mandate. psychological problem. When Jew
produces something on a subject of
produces
—
this kind it should be defined notwith-
standing the subject as Jewish art
only when it exhibits some specifically
Jewish feeling originating in the Jew-
ish soul.
1 The educational department of the
I United Jewish Charities is beginning As an
Aexj a.m
wp i le b oM
f Wh trI nw r•k
ou
. Id lion-
' to see fruit from its efforts. Two
, years ago, when a campaign was in- or with the description of Jewish art
augurated for Americanization work I will mention the famous masterwork
, among foreign women, this depart- "A Son of an Ancient People," by the
ment devoted a great deal of time in Dutch painter, Josef Israels, indispu-
recruiting Jewish women for this tably one of the greatest painters of
' . e results were always grati- the last century.
The painting de-
fying, because the Jewish women picts a Jewish second-hand dealer in
have outnumbered all other groups a street in Amsterdam, slitting in
in attendance. Last week when the front of his shop which is packed full
Retail Furniture Association award• of old clothes, twisted candlesticks,
, ed three prizes through the Ameri- umbrellas and all sorts of flotsam and
canization department of the Board jetsam. This simple subject has been
of Education for the best essays treated without sentimentality, with-
written on "Better Homes" by moth- ' " t a" sort of theatrical posing. The
ers attending the Americanization ! Jew is sitting down quite simply look-
classes, Mrs. Lena Meyers was one ing in front of him. Yet we find in
of the three women who received a his wistful eyes which are looking far
beautiful upholstered reed chair. Of into the distence, in his solitary self,

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club JEWISH ANTAGONISM
Notes TO ART IS DENIED
BY HERMAN STRUCK

Annual Convention.

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Defenders of White and Blue.

PAGE THREE

of Israel's works.

There are particu-
larly strong traces of Rembrandt, but
the dominating note, and this is the
important note, is Jewish.
We will admit without further a,-
gument that every modern Jew is in-
fluenced by his education and his en-
vironment. If this influence is strong-
er than his Jewish feeling, he pro-
duces works of art similar to non-
Jews, which is what happens in most
cases. On the contrary, however,
when the Jewish soul is more power-
ful than the influence received hey the
artist in the land of his birth, then
we are justified in saying that we are
in possession of a work which can be
termed really Jewish. In the case of
the overwhelming majority of artists
it is extremely difficult to point to ',he
Jewish element in their work, as in
the case of the greet artist, Max Lieb-
ermann, who is the towering figure in
the modern German school, as israel's
was for four decades the recognized
and honored head of Dutch art. Max
Liebermann, who was born in Berlin
in 1547, where he is resident, is the
pioneer of modern art in Germany.
He brought to Germany the modern
conception of art created by the Im-
pressionist Inurement in France and
aided them to achieve their victory
in Germany. His masterworks are
the greatest treasures of the Germs.'
museums and private collections and
he' is the honorary president of the
Secessionists (Independents) and the
President of the Academy of Arts in
Berlin. Lesser Uri, who was born
sixty years ago in the small town of
Birnbaum in the province of I'osen,
must be recognized as one of the great-
est colorists in Germany. After a BP
of denial and struggle he has achiev-
ed universal recognition and admira-
tion; and the Berlin Secessionists who
have elected him an honorary member
have had a wonderful exhibition of
his works.
German•Jewish Artists.
It is particularly significant that the
Jewish artists of Germany mostly be-
long to the camp of the moderns. For
example., the painters Ernst Oppler,
Joef Oppenheimer and Eugen Spiro.
The well-known etcher, Erich Wolfs-
feld is a professor at the Academy of
Arts in Berlin.
The modern National Gallery in
Berlin and other important collections
in Germany contain the works of
Franz Marc who died at the front, an
important, highly sensitive artist both
in line and pigment. Ile was the
much-admired leader of the Express-
ionist movement, and has expressed
his views on art also in a series of ex-
eremely interesting writings.
While Liebermann has been battling
for modern art in Germany, Ernst
Josefsohn in Stockholm has been the
pioneer of Sweetish painting. He had
not, however, the good forunte of
Liebermann and did not live to sec
himself recognized. lie lost his rea-
son and died after eighteen years of
confinement in an asylum in Stock-
holm. His works which previously
were with unfailing regularity re-
jected from every exhibition tee which
htey were sent, are now the most val-
uable treasures of the museums and
private collections in Sweden. His
masterwork, "The Divinity of the

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name for himself in America.
In Austria, Isidor Kaufman who
died recently achieved great fame with
his resterly, deeply-felt and lovingly
executed pictures of Jewish life. The
most important and most popular por-
trait painter of Vienna was Leopold
tlorowitz. Jehuda Epstein in Vienna
is an exceptionally strong talent in
the sphere of color and his colorisitc
powers have evoked tremendous ap-
plause for his work. In Vienna, too,

of real Jewish feeling, of the life of
the Jews in the small towns of Poland.
An important true Jewish artise was

the unforgettable Samuel Hirschen-
berg, whose appealing painting "Gol-
us," depicting a procession of Jews
wandering through a waste of snow
is known throughout the world. To
serve his people he went to the Bess-
lel School in Jerusalem to act as
there is the important sculptress, teacher. He exerted a great deal of
Therese Feodorovna Riess, who came artistic influence there but died after
originally from Russia and is known a short while.
particularly by her lifelike portrait
Expressionist Leader.
busts of prominent members of the
The best known of the leaders of the
Austrian ariatrocracy. In Zakopane,
modern Expressionists school of art
in the Carpathian mountains in Gali-
is Marc Shagal, who is resident in
cia, we have the Polish painter, Abra-
Moscow, and whose distinctive works
ham Neumann, who has made a spec-
have received tremendous recognition
iality of snow-covered landscape. The
especially by the numerous younger
great contingent of Jewish artiste,
artiste
in Germany. Among the Aus-
however, has been contributed by Rus-

sia, the most distinctive and almost in-
exhaustible reservoir of the Jewish
spirit. The greatest sculptor in that
country was Marc Antokolski, the
Ghetto boy of Wilna. There is no Rus-
sian and Jewish history which form
a distinguishing feature of the great
cities and museums of Russia. Recog-
nition has also been attained by the
sculptors Bernstamm and Naum Ar-
onsohn.

Stream," is in hte possession of Prince
Eugen of Sweden who himself an ex-
cellent painter is the greatest admirer
of Josersohn and has reserved fur him
the place of honor in his palace in
Stockholm.

Isaak Levitan.

A special place in the history of art
Camille P .
must he restored for Isaak Levitan,
In France, too, we had a Jew among the greatest landscape painter of Rus-
the pioneers of modern art, the great sia who died prematurely young, and
landscape painter Camille Pissarro, who in his wonderfully emotional and

who has immortalised French load-
scape in his wonderfully luminous
paintings. It is sad tee recall that he
was so poor that he himself had to
make the shoes for his large family
of children and that he attained recog-
nition only after his death.
In America, there are a number of
talented Jewish artists at work, some
of them being originally from Eastern
Europe. Moses Ezekiel, the highly
gifted sculptor has gained a great

color-glowing paintings revealed the
soul of Itutesian landscape as no other
painter has done before or after him.
Up till only a short time ago we
had as a Professor in the School of
Art in Moscow one of the greatest
pc,rtrait painters of Russia, Leonid
Pasternak.
Among his portraits,

which belong to the finest in modern
portraiture, are those of the Ilebrew
poets, Bialik and I. rischmann.
Leopold Pilichowsky, whose native

trian artists there have been Moritz
Gottlieb and his brother, Leopold.
With the premature death of the lat-
ter, we lost a painter of exceptionally
great promise, and one of the greatest
hopes of Jewish art.
I could extend the list of leading
Jewish painters and sculptors indefi-
nitely. It would, however, be only
tiresome as there is no means unfortu-
nately of reproducing at the same
time the works of all these artists. If

I have not mentioned many who should
have been mentioned it is not to be

taken as an aspersion upon them. It
is to be hoped that the establishment
of a Jewish national musem in Jeru-
salem, which is the achievement of the
sculptor, Dr. Boris Schatz, who is in
charge of it, will give the opportunity
one day to collect all of the greatest
works of Jewish artists.
I think I can say that these incom-
plete and by no means exhaustive
lines of mine will have given sufficient
proof that old ancient race has borne
fruit in a field which was hitherto
closed to it and that the achievements
of Jews in art need not fear the sever-
est critics.

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JEWISH WOMAN IS
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the number receiving honorable men- all the aorrows and the sufferings, all
tion, half of the women were Jewish.. the experience of our sorely tried peo-
Inasmuch as 16 nationalities are rep- ple throughout the ages, an( mayle
resented in all of the Americanize- even a ray of hope for a brighter fu-
tion classes of Detroit, it is felt that t re Of this picture we may assert
just cat
the Jewish women made a creditable it
s olute-
wu--h.
ifi on
i th t a it i ab
s
showing. ' ly out of the
question that a non-Jew-
,
. ish painter could have painted it as
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non-resistant peop 1 e on e artb Other- that it is impossible for a non-Jew to
wise it would be incomprehensible express no much Jewish emotion as we
how a people, admittedly endowed find in this work, which is saturated
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