THE DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE MICHIGAN'S JEWISH HOME PUBLICATION VOL VII. NO. 15. DR. FELIX A. LEVY DELIVERS INSPIRING ADDRESS AT TEMPLE ''l DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, MARCH 12, 1920. Per Year, $3.00; Copy, 10 Cents ZION COMMONWEALTH TO HEADS NATION WIDE C C. J. • W. ZIMRO" SEXTETTE CAMPAIGN " • GIVE WORK TO JEWISH CHARMS AUDIENCE AT ro Mrs. Alexander Kohuteltminent y who was the in Philanthro p EUROPEAN EMIGRANTS leader AR ENA, SUNDAY LAST first dollar-a-year woman In the Unit- ed States Service, le National Chair. Dr. Philip M. Raskin, Well-Known, than of the Campaign of the Council Hebrew-English Poet, Tells Plan of Operations. fug the week of April 25th for the Pr- Chicago Rabbi, Secretary of the _ pansion M its immigrant ald and Central Conference of Ameri- Dr. Philip M. Raskin, the well work and education- can Rabbis Occupies Dr. Frank- known Ilebrew•English poet, author ul. recreational and religious activ- tin's Pulpit Sunday Lest. ,)f the "Songs of a on Wanderer," is for in Ides. Mrs. Kohut is special agent of a campaign Detroit this week 't' AMERICANIZE FUTURE IMMIGRANTS ABROAD NEW PLAN OF C. Jr. VI Masterful Production of Modern and Jewish Music Received With Great Favor. National Council of Jewish Wo- men Start Country-wide Cam- "Ziniro," Palestine Chamber En for Funds for Orig inal pa semble, touring the world in the in- Immigrant Aid. terest of a Temple of Art in Pales- tine, offered a splendid program in the Arena Gardens last Sunday even- NAME REBEKAH KOHUT fags The comparatively small turn- CHAIRMAN OF CAMPAIGN out however, gave evidence to the yars ago with the object of further- urer of the New York Women's Health fact that the Jewish public has not Says, "You Cannot Find God in tog Jewish colonization in Palestine Foundation. Honorary President of yet come to appreciate the efforts of Plan to Send Workers to Seaports Religion — Religion Must Find and finding employment for Jewish the New York Section of the Council this ideally inspired troupe that is of Europe to Give Immigrants of Jewish Womon, President of the God in You"—Claims Lack of laborers. making so many sacrifices to accono of Personal Ser- First Lesson in Americaniza- The Zion Commonwealth has made Emanuel Sisterhood Faith Cause of Social Unrest. plish its aims and establish a con- tion, New Angle. great eat progress in the comparatively' vice of New York City a director of servatory of music in the Holy Laud the Na'Ional Social Workers' Ex- as soon as possible. Following is the text of an address short period since its foundation, at change and a member of the executive YORK—Declaring that the The personnel of the "Zintro" En- delivered at Temple Beth T.I., S'unday Present having more than 3,000 m en- for the Developininent of semble is: S. Bellison, clarinet; J. Mis- "ten commandments and the consti- I morning, March 7, by Rabbi Felix A. bers who have subscribed for shares committee Community Councils In Greater New fiiiteiondeoofait amounting to over $2,000,000. oligeoeUnoitfedevSetraytes;oliuesrtioablei techkin, first violin; K. Nloldavan, t Lezy, secretary of the Central Confer- In an informal disenssion of the York, the National Serial Unit of Cin- viola; G. Besrodny, second violin; J. I (nee of American Rabbis, Chicago, Ill. Cherniaysky, 'cello; L. Berdielievsky, Jew," Mrs. Rebekah Kohut, of New ills subject was, "The Quest for Spirit- purposes of his visit to Detroit, Dr. finned, and the FederiVion for the York, National Chairman of the ca m. Baskin said in reference to the Zion Support of Jewish Philanthropic So- a piano. utility." MRS. ALEXANDER KOHUT defies of New York City. n\cloc a launched ,uolei telhm o t b& un l ntcoi s il Commonwealth: L. Berdichevsky, the pianist, in pre- Paign to t i.iie %d on April "The success of the Zion Common- settling "A Jewish Rhapsodic," cap- The human soul never satsified. o d a f yjw cilloi anno unced n . wealth is due mainly to the fact that, tivated the audience and left the im- Possessed as it is of a healthy i STRING QUARTET LACK OF NURSES AND stinct, it never turns away conv although it has a great ideal behind pression that he was the best of them Prepared to send women workers to CONCERT MONDAY all, although the playing of each of seaports of Europe, and begin there pletely, but persists in that quest of it, it is also founded on a firm haul- SOCIAL WORKERS MAY Icw people is it given to !less-like basis. The principle of in- sextette was beautiful. Mr. Belli- the Americanization of the truth. Yet- AT TEMPLE BETH EL the attain successfully that which a vestment in Palestine is both sound HINDER CHARITIES son, t h e e c l ar i net, starre w wt i t h one o f grant. Mrs. Kohut was a "dollar-a. the finest number on the program, year" member of the Council of Na. Moses, a Christ, a Buddha sought and profitable. The growth of the seen Maisses," (Grandmother's tional Defense, and is the recognized First Musical Offering in Series "Robe and found. Few only have seen that Zion Commonwealth can be front the fact that January. 1919, to Mr. and Mrs. Fella Warburg Offer Tales), a number which was little leader of America's Jewish women. lorious vision of truth. Under Auspices of Men's K That instinct that urges us on, December of the same year shares Pension Fund to Ineroaso aggreciated, probably because this She recently accepted the chairman- , Temple Club. number was near the end of the pro- OOP of the campaign to secure funds Saari.. of Workers. that compels' us to take a p il gr i m., were sold to the amount of $1,111,- 0 gram, the udience having been well to extend and carry on the American- staff and search is a healthy one. The °°;" g. ization and 'Immigrant Aid work "The plan of the Zion Common- human; instinct turns toward reli- Music lovers arc looki ng forward chilled by that time due to the ne NEW YORK—Air. and Mrs. Felix this quest, finding wealth, as explained by Dr. Raskin, lest of the Arena management to heat which the Council of Jewish Women gion naturally that its search in in other realms is is a simple one. Each member buys NI. AA'arburg have offered to con- with pleasurable anticipation to the the place. has been performing for the last futile, finding that practicability and a number of land certificates at the tribute $100,000 to establish a pension first concert of the Detroit Symphony Particularly favored by the audi. thirty years and to meet the flow of String Quartet to be given under be- migireatisog expe e ppe cted to o no t hat of tfix t r e a f t o sate was a Jewish dance; played by immigration success no not satisfy that yearning, par value of $250 to he paid within a fund for social workers, the gift the treaty. and thus we turn to God, to religion, period of six years, during which ing contingent upon the raising of the auspices of the Nien's Temple Messrs. Mistechkin and Besrodny. I "The Council of Jewish Women is seeking that which will take us to time the land is cultivated, planted $800,000 for the federation campaign Club of Temple Beth El, Monday This dance had to be repeated be- to guarantee the necessary salary in- evening, March 13, in the auditorium pro only representative national Jew- made ready for occupation, fore the audience allowed the that land where we s h a lt e n d h ap and thereby the Temple. . the women's organization in the coun- t hereby giving employment to Jew- creases to workers before February of The , piness. concert, postponed twice be. gram to be continued. "It not only 2" It is nothing ish workers. who would have no Every member of the "Zimro" is try," Airs. Kohut stated. What is religion. A shorts ge of experienced and cause of t he serious illness of Wil- a undoubtedly a master of instrument, reaches out—it extends its work and less than an attempt on the other means of finding employment t. MOH or gable work ers to carry on the ac- lin rang Kin, g is the first and the program was worth the price, influence to the Jewish women in her part of man to get into harmony with After the six years have elapsed, the ca of fi three tha t the q uartet will tivities of the ci ty' s social service in- semriesG at Te m ple Beth El u clefthe "Zintro's concerts are deserving of a home and synagogue—but also wet- the universe. Life is so multiple, so member obtains from the corporation stittions gi ve pos- r u ooms as an immediate Club. large attendance and greater appre- comes the Jewish woman who knocks complete, so diversified that often a eetl "titling hint to his estate and sibi lity. Inability of institutions to auspi ces of the M en's Tem p at America's door. there comes to its the thought, if he is required to take possession of The folowing varied and interest- 'cation by the Jews. a salaries that will enable workers " During the last two or three I y The complete program presented not the conviction that there i s no the land. Should he be prevented t by g ng i ng proram will be reented p s Mon- h e to meet the increased cost of livi, Tschai- Years," Mrs. Kohut continued, "we such thing as unity, as harmony. circumstances from doing so, in da y: Qua rtet in A maj or, O p. 41, No. Sunday evening follows: to guarantee workers a future and about the impor- \'et the heart contradicts that thought Zion Commonwealth will cultivate social service, arc responsible for 3 R. Schumann; "Death and the kowski Quartet, D major, Op. II; have heard so much tance of teaching Americanism to the lietter judgment tells us that be. and manage his estate for hint for an this condition. Maiden." from quartet in D minor, Aisberg, "Jewish Rhapsodic," "J ew Mr. i s h forei gn born. To the National Coun- Kaplan, neath all this here lies a single thing, addithmal period of four years. It may not be generally known. but F. Schubert; Passacaglia, for violin Befilichevsky; cif Jewish Women Americaniza- "Should a member after the espies- a single unify. You may call it God is a fact that the federation, eon,- and viola, Handel-Halvorsen, Messrs. Da nce," Messrs. Alistechkin and Bes - lion of isnot a new word. We have time of the 10-year period still be un- g, " "To th e Weddin rodny; Fitelberg, ) Kal —you nta it relig ion . e p ng ninetyti -on Schkolnic k and Evans; quartet in A music picture-0 e besezens; (b ) been doing this work for thirty years y call the very q ui ntessence of able ; to take possess ion of his land, tic Religion is i s ish pltilan- of the rina i ne. Brodin. hro p institu ons , Jewone o (c) through our Immigrant Aid Depart- life—the essence of our whole being, he must either transfer it or the Ossip Gabrilowitsch, director of the A ; Redl, Weinberg-Bellison; this largest employers of labor in New will sell ti lt h Benison; 'tient. Our representatives have met, Be Commonwea our whole existence. :\nd because it Zion at the mar York city. In 1919, federation's so- Detroit Symphony Orchestra, will be Grandmother's Stories—Mr. k et value and hand cieties employed 1,500 men and solid at the second concert on Goorovitch, "Kol Nidre," by ensem- housed and cared for immigrant emel a tt enua t e d, it i s (him land is so extry or th women and children in New York. and wee wo over !)0 per cent of the sum realized women and paid out $1,119,056 in April 19. The last one of the series ble, as it is sung in the synagogue on Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Galveston, e ordiit. ry cult for re frofh such sale. Provisions are, of Because we arc man to discover salaries to them. an increase of 20 will be given May 3. Those holding the eve of the Day of Atonement; San Francisco and Seattle. We have urse; 'made for those who do not Per cent over the salaries paid in tickets for the course are requested Zeitlin: (a) Eli Zion, (h) "Freilichs," e- led by the very circumstance of nee tu a ght them the A m erican lan g uage, esit y into the paths of labor and wish to settle in Palestine, but who 1918. Its employes included super- to use the one dated Nfarch 15, saysolo for cello, Mr. Cherniaysky; history and custom s—and have n, Krein, "Jewish sketch," Hatikvoh, by practice do we frequently find our- wish nevertheless to help in the up- intendents of institutions, matrons, ing No. I for the Nlay concert. deavored to instill into them the true selves at a goal that is opposite to building of a Jewish homeland there. stewards, directors, housekeepers, ens- Tickets may be obtained front ensemble. American s piri t. We have tried to ' is "It i, clear that the investment religion. We turn our back to t hat with ployment managers, janitors, engin- MissClark, 156 Van Dyke ave- teach them that the ten command- underlying un i ty b e cause i s it b e hi n d perfectly safe and practically with- eers. rabbis, physicians, dentists, phar- nue: Telephone Edgewood l',3, at the B'NAI BRITH LODGE meats and the constitution of the us and we are looking in the opposite out "In any fact. risk the of loss," Dr. Raskin macists, pathologists, photographer, offices of The Detro't Jewish Chron- said. Zion Common- d ASotlaetreiscanom J. he t decalogue l:flifiliee FORMALLY INSTALLED surgeons, radiologists, isle, 1334 Book Building, a t Kline's, direction veterinary You can only find religion in your wealth is probably offering a splen- chauffeurs for ambulance service, in- and at Himelhoch's. IN PC)NTIAC, SUNDAY "Very soon, thousands of Jewish sliest for truth. Both are identical, did did opportunity to those who are un- vestigators, relief workers, nurses women and their children will be able to procure an estate in l'ales- (numbering 3501, orderlies, teache rs But you must seek whole hear Pisgah Lodi. No. 34, Detroit, Assists knocking at our gates. The Council such an estate to be (more than 300), librarians, stenog• PROMISES FREEDOM You must have a singleness of aim tine of acquiring an Installation and Initiation. in of Jewish Women will be ready to extensive period. _ bookkeepers and other der- and purpose. These are the requisites paid for over b ers,ker them and help them over the OF JEWS IN FINLAND Without a precedent in the annals greet for the undertaking of the search However desirable this is to the in- ical s. teal wor rough places. More than that, we dividual, it has a far greater signiti- The shortage of nurses has affected of Pontiac's Jewish history was the plan to begin their Americanization (Continued on Page 41 when viewed from the national c ance the hospitals and sanatoria affiliat- New York—The American Jewish formal installation of the B'nai Britt not only here, but in Europe as well. n eeds of the present m oment. There ed with federation. Its orphanages, doubt that whatever our polit- settlements, and neighborhood cen• Congress has received the following Lodge which took place, Sunday, If the country responds to our call CONVENTION OF RELIEF, i . , no views g Zionism, communication from the Committee M arch 7, at the I3oard of Commerce for funds, we shall be enabled to send may be regarding eat ters, have suffered from the general abroad a unit of workers, to seaports SOCIETIES TO BE HELD I f one thing is perfectly clear and will scarcit y of teachers, but the greatest °f - • lewish Delegations at the Peace Building. Pisgah Lodge Degree Teani of De- of Europe, who will give first lessons sympathy of Jews to what- scarcity, It was claimed, was among Conference, Paris, dated February I enlist the IN CHICAGO, SUNDAY ever political school they may be- trot, consisting of Milton M. Alex - in citizenship and Americanization to men. for executive positions. Lead- 9th, with reference to the situation of ander, Morris Gravett, Charles Rosen- immigrants, during these weeks when the Jews in Finland. YORK—The Jewish Benevo- long, namely, that Palestine must be Last week Mr. Sokolow, President that, Leon D. Goldsmith and Simon they are hopefully waiting for the NEW Philanthropic Societies of made the immediate refuge of a large ers in social service are almost daily quitting the field. D. , and the Pisgah Lodge ship that is to carry them to the lent and D. Rose rep- number of our people. In order to be able to retain em- of the Committee of Jewish Delega- Glee Club, assisted in the installa- promised land. We want them to our city have been busy electing "It is an undeniable fact that hun- s he ld an intery wi t h Del- M. don ceremonies of the new lodge. know that America welcomes them, service of t he ewish resentati ves te a great relief co n - dreds of thousands of Jews from En President of the iewFinni s h loyes in the organizatio n s th Jroligh tionckel, p philanthropic vention to be held in Chicago a t the Other members and their wives, Hum ' and is ready to help them to become Sherman Hotel on Sunday, March Eastern Europe are homeless and salary increases commensurate with egation at Paris, concerning the con- - are waiting eagerly and anxiously for the higher cost of living, a campaign dition of the Jews in Finland. Their bering 60, boarded a special car chart of her in flesh and spirit." to be present part Mrs. Kohut was one 14, 1920. of the found- ers of the Council of Jewish Women The Convention has been called by the first opportunity to go to Pales- to raise $450,000 was announced on number does not exceed 2,000. Al- 'red for the occasion, Joint Relief Committee, tine. It is for these people that l'al- Sunday by Dr. Solomon Lowenstein, most all of them were horn in Fin- at the ceremonies. the Chita go In the absence of Rabbi Samuel when it was organized thirty years a branch of the Central Relief Coro- estine will prose a veritable home. It executive director of the federation. land, the Jews of Russia having for S. Nlayerberg. Julian Gusfield, Chair- ago at the Congress of Religions in mutes of New York, in the city of is the land of their hope and their The drive, which was launched at a many years been denied the right to man of the Propaganda Committee, Chicago, as a spontaneous association Is probably the reason meeting in the Hotel Biltmore on immigrate into that country. Under Chicago for the convenience of its love. This as monitor during the initiation. of Jewish *omen, for the service and the old regime the Jews in Finland acted mid-Western branches. The commit- why Jews who otherwise could not Wednesday, ended March 1st. The Glee Club rendered the ritual (Continued on Page 4) were hound by numerous restrictions, toe is making vast preparations for a see their way yet to join the Zionist some of which recalled the middle reception of a large number of dele- ranks are ardent supporters of the OFFICIAL ANTI-SEMMC the solemn ceremonies, the After ages (thus they did not have the right in its inimitable manner. gates from the states of Illinois, Wis- work of the Zion .. Commonwealth. NEW POLISH PREMIER differ on theoretical goes- PROPAGANDA AS FAVOR to marry without a special authoriza- following officers were elected and cousin, Michigan, Indiana, Iowa, Min- They may di practical that CRITICIZES JEWS ON l'o'ts, but all agree lion). But on January 12th, 1918, the installed: President. Henry Jacobson: nesota; Nebraska and other mid- Vive-president, Dr. J. N. Golden; Western states. Many of the cities work is to be encouraged 'in Pales IIRF.SEL, Saxony—Various officials Finnish Parliament adopted a law Secretary, Norman Buckner; Treas- SUNDAY CLOSING BILL • in these states have already desig- e campaign in Detroit for the in the Ministry of Justice and in the concerning the naturalization of the urer, Bob Abrim. Benjamin Gold- ai Th of the Interior have been .tews. nated their representatives to whom and Sidney Net- stein, Julius Levin WARSAW—The new Polish Pre- instrumental recently in the spreading Nevertheless, instead of grantingzorg were named trustees. credentials have been sent. Others sale of shares for the Zion Common- Ministry mier, M. Skulsky, received a deputa- of anti-Semitic handbills. Following the rights of citizenship to all Jews are expected within the week. (Continued on Page 4) A banquet followed the initiatory lion of Jewish merchants, headed by The following statement issued by the protest of the Jewish Communi- as a whole, the law of January 12th, Julian the member of the Municipality, M. ties, both Ministers of these depart- based upon the Roumanian precedent, ceremonies, for 150 guests. Harris L. Selig, executive director of Gustield. District Grand I.odge rep- Trusker. The Premier said that he picots declared that they had nothjng stipulates that the civic rights will resentativ e, Leon Goldsmith, acting could do nothing as regards the the Central Relief Committee, sets HON. CHAS. C. SIMONS .forth concisely the problems of grave TO SPEAK AT JEWISH to do with the matter, but that the be granted individually to those Jews president of l'isgah Lodge, Morris amendment to the Sunday closing bill importance, which the convention had been sent out by the who shall have demanded them. Not- Garvett, past president, ?stilton M. and that it would be enforced as an INSTITUTE SUNDAY handbills will be called upon to deal with: members of their departments, in withstanding the repeated promises Alexander and Joseph J. Cummins, of the Seim, expressing the will their official capacities, merely ''as of the Government of Finland to of Pisgah Lodge delivered appro- of the 'majority. He deeply resented "The reports of various represen- natives, who return to us from Eu- Miss Hart to Address Mothers' Meeting, a favor" to their anti-Semitic friends. grant naturalization to all the Jews prime speeches. Simon D. Rosenr the efforts of the Jews to secure rope and Palestine, tell us stories so Saturday, March 13--Public The Ministers promised, however, that of Finland within a short time , weig acted as toastmaster. abroad intervention in their favor. He Invited. horrible that it is difficult for the measures will be taken to have the scarcely one-fifth of the latter ob- Mr. lacobson, the newly-elected thought that foreign intervention in normal mind to imagine. There was wined this favor during the two the practice stopped. behalf of the Jews was not calculated a. time when it was merely a ques- years which passed since the passing Glee president, to a toast. The to improve Polish Jewish relations. Club responded While the fire that broke out in sang several selections lion of eradicating the poverty which basement of the United Jewish Char - Anti-Semitic Outburst of the law on January 12th. 1918. during the banquet. Messrs. I. Leon- He also regarded such intervention was annihilating human beings. But !ties Building early Friday morning The largest majority of the Finnish and Braun, Sam Mandell. Wilfred as useless, because, unlike Russia, in now, poverty and economic want have caused considerable damage, part of Causes Closing of Jews continue as in the past, to be Goldman and Aaron Silberblatt Ten- Poland it was the people and not the made inroads into our moral, cultural the building has not been touched and of their most elementary dered solos during the banquet. government which was anti-Semitic Budapest University deprived and spiritual life. Children are with- rights. Various absurd reasons are Later in the evening Mr. and Mrs. in character. Yet he received from out the necessary moral, cultural and all activities are going on as usual. often advanced for the failure to Joseph Barnett opened their spacious America a new inquiry about certain The Mothers' Organization will education. This situation is relig nat- home where the young folks indulged anti-Semitic outbreaks, a fact which BUDAPEST—Anti-Semitic demon- apply the law with regard to the na at Jewish Institute, Saturday, even more important than the cry for meet t h e in dancing until a late hour. March 13, at 3 p. in. Miss Blanche J. onstrations by Christian students uralization of the Jews. Lately the greatly displeased him. M. Skulsky bread. far as to closing of the university Finnish authorities went so Hart, Executive Secretary of the caused the The following were in charge of censured the Jewish deputies for their It will be these terrible conditions, United Jewish Charities will speak here Thursday last. The day was class the Finnish Jews as foreigners. arrangements: Messrs. J. Levin, J. conduct in the Seim, and for their as well as other problems, that will Problem." There will registration day and a number of sal- They refuse them passports and thus Barnett. G. Rappaport, C. Canvasser failure to win the confidence of the call upon the representatives of the on "The Girl entertainment. dices of the terrorist group entered deny them the opportunities elf tear- and M. Klein. On the Reception parliamentary majority. also be an interesting convention to create a firm organize- the building with the avowed pur- cling abroad on business and they Co mmittee appear the names of 1 The e 1 leaders of the a s sim i - lion of Orthodox Jewry in the Middle Mothers and their children are in- pose of preventing Jews from regis- cannot leave the country without re- Barnett. N. Buckner, S. Netzorg; II. lat Party published Aprotest West with its own western headquar- vited. On Sunday. 'March 14, at 7:30 p. m., tering. Despite the protest of the coining a special permit to return. Goldstein, Dr. J. N. Golden, 11. Jacob- against the outcry raised by the ters at Chicago. In this way, there Charles C. Simons. Ex- directors they occupied the permises All these measures have the ob- son, J. Kovinsky, L. Solomon, Mrs. Jewish Nationalists in connection will be a firmer co-ordinating and Honorable Court Commissioner and Ex- and wrote scurrilous sentences on the rime; aim of forcing the Jews to N. Buckner, Mrs. J. Barnett, Mrs. with the Sunday closing law. They systematizing of the campaign work Circuit Senator, will speak at the Jewish In- blackboard. The director then closed leave the country for good. M. En- 1. Levin, Mrs. B. Goldstein, Mrs. G. characterize the agitation against the and its relief collections. on "Would Government Con - the registration books, whereupon the ckel formally promised Mr. Sokolow Rappaport. Mrs. S. Netzorg, Mrs. M. law as the work of people who seek "It will be the aim of the con- stitute of l'ublic Utilities reduce the Christian students' association de- to inform himself fully concerning Fine, Mrs. C. L. Fine, Mrs. II. Jacob - the introduction of Jewish autonomy vention to work out a plan of action trol Living?" A musical manded his dismissal. The state corn- these facts. He declared that Inde - son, Mrs. L. Solomon, Mrs. J. Fink. in Poland, and they say that it is which will help most efficiently in the High Cost of unusual merit has been mercial college also was closed be- pendent Finland was ready to realize Mrs. C. Canvasser. Mrs. Kovinskv. impossible to conduct a campaign material and spiritual reconstruction program of The public is cordially in - cause the Christian students demand - the complete and entire emancipa- Mrs. Klein, Mrs. Golden, Mrs. Or- against Sunday closing, as the latter of the Jewish'ptople in Europe and arranged. sited. ed that Jews be barred. pation of the Jews. man. is in force everywhere in Europe. the United States Employment Serv- the Zion Commonwealth, the land lee , \lee-President or the Junior Ent- "QUEST OF SPIRITUALITY" purchasing agency of the Zionist Or- • LS SUBJECT OF SERMON ganization of America, founded three moyment Service of New York, Trees- •I 1111111111111 Asia Minor."