THE DETRO
•
AN HISTORICAL REVIEW
OF THE JEWS IN POLAND
(Continued
From Page One.)
(1821-1872), and the Jewish publicist
and politician, Moritz Veit (1806-
1864), advocated the cause of Poland,
and the German poet, Heinrich Laube
(1806-1884), who living in the Ger-
man-Polish border province of Silesia
was certainly familiar with the condi-
tions, presents in his novel "Die Krie-
ger" the figure of a Jew who is an ar-
dent Polish patriot.
Took Part in Uprising of 1861.
tate by Jews, May 24, 1861, which was
followed by a similar law, issued by
the Polish national government, June
5. This government recognized the
loyalty of the Jews in a manifesto is-
sued in 1863 shortly before the col-
lapse of the revolution.
Proof of Loyalty.
'We have proof for the loyalty of
the Jews from two independent
sources during, the latest period. The
Jewish publicist, \\'. Kaplan-Kogan,
in a pamphlet "Der Krieg eine Schick-
salstunde des Juedischen Volkes,"
published in 1814, pleads for the re-
construction of an independent Po-
land, and the English publicist, Ste-
phen C.raliani, who is strongly preju-
diced against the Jews, wrote in the
London "'Fillies" Oct. 29, 1914: "Jews
and Pules have been fellow sufferers
front and are united, in common
In
InitreiL against - liistsiair..aoilcrticy. n
order to appreciate the value of these
testimonies one oast remember that
in 1914 the resurrection of Poland
was high treason in Germany as well
as in Russia, and that the then exist-
ing treaty between England and Rus-
sia had promised to the czar the an-
nexation of both Austrian and Prus-
sian Poland. In the latter sections of
the ancient kingdom the Jews pos-
sessed full equality, yet they sided
with the just aspirations of their fel-
14 its' - CiliZele: who had often displayed
teenth century did not treat, the Jews
justly, we find that their leading men
and women recognized that Poland
cannot be free unless it grants free-
dom to her own oppressed. Adam
Mickiewicz (1798-1855), perhaps the
leading poet of Poland, gives us in
8 1 34, the
his novel "Pan Tadeusz,'
Detroit Symphony
Orchestra
OSSIP GABRILOWITSCH, Conductor
1919 -- SIXTH SEASON -- 1920
Fourteen Saturday Concerts
The Beginning of the World War.
The first sufferers from the war
were the Jews, for the area where
hostilities began, namely Galicia and
Russian Poland, have a large Jewish
population. In Russian Poland the
Jews were charged with treason on
the slightest and must Ilinisical
ground and as suspects on general
principle. Grand Duke Nicholas, who
was commander-in-chief of the west-
ern army, ordered three iesee its
WITH THE FOLLOWING
Distinguished Soloists
mtO he executed on the ground
that by allowing their horses to be
requisitioned by the German army
they had given aid,. to, the enemy.
Bauer, Casals, Clements, Cortot, DeGogorza,
Elman, Fitziu, Gabrilowitsch, Levitzk, Lhevinne,
Rubenstein, Samaroff, , Schkolnik, Serato, Teyte.
Season Tickets: $6, $12, $18, $24; Boxes $200
<•>. 07/
Cherry 5330
<4,>: <•>::::WOCK.::•;;;: 416K>t
YIDDISH PLAY!
1
•
—AT THE-
Opera
House
New Detroit
0
SUNDAY Evening
X
V
‘j
OCTOBER 26
Among the victims was a rabbi who
lived the life of - a recluse, and the
grand duke said to h is wife who
"Be g
pleaded for mercy:grateful
tit. t
your husband has the privilege of be-
ing hanged, for if 1 had not taken
such a measure, my Cossacks would
have dispatched every Jew in town.
The charges of espionage were often
preferred by Russian officers who in
this way expected to cover their own
treachery. A notable case was that
of Miassojedolf, colonel of the gen-
darmes, subsequently hanged as a
traitor in the pay of the Gertnans,
w h o covered his own crimes by
throwing the blame on the Jews.
His exposure did not alter conditions.
With the further defeat of the Rus-
sian army the charges were repeated.
and the Jews of a section threatened
by ass enemy invasion or about to be
evacuated were ordered to leave on
short notice.
Turn on Jews.
and
A typical case was that of Pum-
pian, government of Koyno,' where
the Jews were ordered to leave the
t ;
town within six hours without being
furnished conveyances or any other
direction beyond the order to get out
of the neighborhood. The Polish
leaders with a few notable exceptions
instead of protecting the victims of
Russian tyranny from which they also
suffered poured oil into the fire. Ga-
zeta \Varsza•ska published a venom-
ous article headed "the people of
spies and traitors." May 1, 1915, and
Andrew Niemojewski wrote various
pamphlets in the same tone. Even
the independence of Poland, when
declared by Germany—for the Rus-
sian section, of course—was denounc-
ed in the Polish churches on the
ground that an independent Poland,
hacked by Germany would only bene-
fit the Jews. Indeed, General von
Ileseler. the German governor of Po-
land, had to stop a political organiza-
tion which under the guise of a char-
itable object, carried on their old boy-
cott game. In some instances the
VAIN, agitation came out quite boldly.
e
•
`HOW A MAN LOVES":
Drama—Yiddish Songs and
a Million Laughs
is
arty
To avoid disappointment
secure your tickets e
19 X
A at Circle Theatre, 504 Hastings—Phone Cherry 66
or by mail.
50c - 75c - $1.00 - $1.50
4•.>
: o>
(.>
:
,14>
.
Weddings, Banquets—
All Social Occasions
O
VElt seventy five per cent of the
of this
leading Jewish Social Affairs
city have been catered out by us in the
last year.
No occasion too small—none too
large to receive our quotations.
Phone us.
M. A. Pereira,
mop. 125 Richton Ave.
tion of the leers. 444cm/ski Woo
sailing for Europe Noe. 23, 1918, told
the reporters'that . the Polish republic
would grant full equality to the Jews.
We cannot blame Paderewaki for the
fact that at that time 3,000 Jews who
under the German administration had
been employed by the railroad man-
agement were discharged. Nor could
he be held responsible for what hap-
pened on the very day when he gave
this promise.
(To be continued.)
"Music in the home puts sunshine in the heart"
With What Gladness a Piano Would
Be Welcomed In YOUR Home, Too!
Nothing else could add so much beauty and charm, or
provide such abundance of unfailing enjoyment as will a
Piano or Player-Piano.
And, certainly for anyone who has put off purchase, awaiting an
opportunity to obtain especially great value, our 16th ANNUAL SALE
OF SUMMER RENTAL INSTRUMENTS, presents the chance of a life-
time. The brief mention made here of the bargains embraced in this
stock can surely leave no doubt of this—the instruments themselves
furnish still more striking evidence that you cannot afford to miss this
chance for purchase. Hundreds have already found this the case. So
fast are the instruments (rental, exchange, etc.) going—so rapidly is
our stock being reduced to normal, that prompt action is imperative.
The Sale Will Positively End in
A VERY FEW DAYS
Late rental instruments, and others just received in exchange, aro
here. Extraordinary bargains await immediate buyers. The following
will give you an idea of the importance of buying RIGHT NOW !
PIANOS
Sale
Price
Price
$313
212
161
228
292
247
320
172
280
272
191
$400
400
275
275
550
325
425
350
325
375
250
Not only has every one of them
been carefully ■ djusted end tuned,
but a number of them look like new
and are practically good es new in
every respect.
Each of these, and a number of others at
similar reductions, are on our floors as
this
announcement goes to press.
Among the makes embraced in the
Sale
stock are:
Knabe, Mendelssohn,
Wegman, Steinway
Grinnell Bros.,
Sterling
Huntington,
Werner, Vose,
Woodward, Etc., Etc.
Each is guaranteed exactly as repre-
sented, and each sold subject to our
Free-Exchange Trial
P,rivilege
You test the Piano
in your home. Per-
manent satisfaction made absolutely
certain.
If You've Been Thinking of Buying a
Player-Piano
_h e sine In see the one we offer at $445. It's a strictly high-grade make and
sold originally at $4.5o. It Itas beautiful tone and is its splendid condition. There's
another selling at the ,1111e price — a handsome mahogany, with excellent player-
action and full. clear tone. A wonderful bargain is also presented at $3.15. Orig -
inal price of this was $43o, It is attrartive in appearance and will give long and
pleasing .en jet'.
Like the Pianos. all our bargain Players have been regulated and tuned.
valises are so extraordinary that a quick
Lose no 11111e in seeing them. VIVOe
and complete clearance is sure beyond all question! \Vhat a world of enjoyment
'('DC, yourself, being able to PLAY anything its music you care to hear.
>
Detroit's Exclusive
Caterer and Decorator
DETROIT CATERING & DECORATING
ish legion fighting under French col-
ors, and commanded by French gen-
erals, excluded Jews from its ranks.
Dec., 1918. Reports of grave danger,
threatening the Jews of Poland,
reached America and Mr. Louis Mar-
shall, accompanied by Judge Mack,
called at the Department of State to
ask for protection. Nov. 11, 1918. A
in-
press dispatch of ov. 16,
formed us of a note issued by the
British ministry of foreign affairs to
the Poles who were warned that they
would lose the sympathy of the allies
were they to continue the persecu-
The Modern Situation.
The attitude of the l'oles to the
Jews had been unfriendly for years,
even in Russia, where as Stephen
Graham in the above quoted article,
said, common interest should have
dictated a better. understanding in re-
sisting Russian tyranny. situa-
tion became acute in 1912 when in a
\Varsaw election for the (Mina the
Jews possessed the balance of power.
they might have elected a candidate
of their own, but out of a sense of
fairness and as a matter of policy
they were willing to vote for the
candidate of the Polish National
party. The latter as a studied insult
nominated an avowed antisentite, and
the Jews voted for the socialist, also
a Pole. The Poles answered with an
economic boycott for the purpose of
which a cheap daily paper, "Dwa
Grosha" was published which was
liberally backed by Paderewski, then
on a concert tour in the United States.
The excitement ran so high that the
Jewish publicist Nahum Sokolow was
not allowed to make a public address
in Lemberg. ()tie instance shall illus-
trate the cruelty of the agitation.
Polish nobles still possess the feudal
right of a perpetual leasehold on
whole towns. Jews have lived on
these grounds for centuries, but they
still have to pay rent for the ground
to the Polish nobles. In the town of
Rilmiza, Podolia, a fire had destroyed
the Jewish quarter. The Jewish own-
ers of the houses had rebuilt their
homes under great difficulty, but after
they had finished them, the landlords
brought proceedings to evict them.
ORCHESTRA HALL
WAS>. :•>:'-":•>.
The Pogrom En.
Polish cause. Joachim Lelewel (1788-
1861) pleads in his "Jewish Question,"
1859, for justice to the Jews. One
may say without fear of contradic-
tion by actual facts that the vast ma-
jority of the Jews in Poland in spite
of what they suffered in the past.from
economic hostility and religious
fanaticism wish to have their country.
the country where their forefathers
found a refuge, and for which they
fought, as records show even in 17th
century, free from foreign ride. It
would lie the fault of the Poles them-
selves_if, blinded by national—chau-
vinisin, they should drive -111e Jews
into the arms of their opponents.
Beginning October 25th At 2:30
•Zfe.
e ll
When the complete rout of the
German army and the second revolu-
tion in Russia liberated Galicia and
gave full scope to the disintegrating
forces in the former Russian empire.
Jews became the victims both of the
conditions and of na-
sympathetic character of the patriotic general chaotic
chauvinism, pent up during
Jew, Janke) Countess Olga Orzeska tional
centuries of oppression. This chau-
11842-19101, shows in her historic
vinism is illustrated by the fact ,
novels, especially in "Eli Nfakower,"
a debate
1875, and in "Meier Ezofowicz," 1878, established in the course of
the min-
the Jew as a helpful friend of the in the French chamber when
ister of war had to admit that a Pol-
In the last attempt of the Poles to
regain their national independence by
an armed uprising, in 1861, the Jews
took an active part in the movement
from the start. The chief rabbi of
Warsaw, Berish Meisels 11800-1870),
appealed to his community to take
part in the liberation of Poland, and
he as well as the preacher of the lib-
eral congregation, Marcie% jastrow
(1829-1903), the father of Professors
Joseph Jastrow of the University of
Wisconsin and M orris Jastrow of the
University of Pennsylvania, arrested
by the Russian government as trai-
ve
tors. Jastrow, who was a na ti
Prussian Poland, was exiled, and so
great was the confidence in his Polish
patriotism that a Polish district in
Prussian Poland offered him the nom-
ination as representative in the Prus-
sian diet. Another proof of the sym-
pathy if the Jews with the Polish narked hostility to them.
cause is seen in the attempt of the
Polish Voices on the Jews.
Russian government to sent them
While the Polish government from
over by the repeal of the law which
prohibited the acquisition of real es- the sixteenth to the end of the eight-
HARRY CYPHERS, MNGR., 604 Scott Bldg.
C. • 401 - VI
Hemlock
Hemlo 5654
Main 3777
The trade guilds at the celebration
of their centenary in 1916, demanded
the restitution of their ancient privi-
leges among which is the exclusion
of the Jews. The city council of
\Varsaw made a beginning with this
system by excluding all Jewish me-
chanics from the committees formed
for the sake of devising ways and
means for improving the conditions
of their trade. So were Jewish stu-
dents of the University of \Varsaw
excluded from representation in the
students' body. The abdication of the
czar and the almost simultaneous en-
trance of merica into the war with
it s critical effect on Germany made
the independence of Poland a cer-
tainty, and in the summer of 1918
conditions became so grave that a
Jewish committee called on the bish-
op of \Varsaw, asking him to issue a
statement on the relation of the
church to the Jews. The bishop de-
clared that a free Poland must estab-
lish conditions which would allow all
inhabitants to live in peace together.
(Press Dispatch, Aug. 12, 1918.)
Pian o or Player-Pismo Sent to Your Home On Reasonable
Parmcnt
- Balance Monthly.
•
With the close of the sale so near, it is especially important that
you come TODAY!
Grinnell Bros •
Cunt/itch lad .4 bargains malted uu reammt. Write Cr phone (Cherry 3600)
if you Cil /1 . t rune Inds y.
26 Stores. Headquarters:
243..247 Woodward Avenue
tif our stores at 57-50
Woodward Are., IIt) I
2951
• . Jefferson Are., and
Mack Are.,
each of our other branches.
Similar bargain),
You Save
All the Rent—and More!
,
Moats,' Arc., 2945