PAGE SEVEN THE DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE HUNGARY—AN HISTORIC SURVEY By Dr. Gotthard Deutsch The Talmud is a storehouse of phil- osophy of history. Most Jews have heard the beautiful anecdote of R. Akiba and Pappus. The rabbi was studying the Torah, and l'appus won- dered why he should risk his life since the study of the Torah was prohibited by Roman law under pen- alty of death. The rabbi replied with the following parable: The fox walked by the shore of a lake and saw the Ile asked for the fishes restless. cause of their excitement. They answered that they had to be in con- stant fear of the man who with angles and nets was plotting against their lives. Well, said the fox, come to the shore, and I shall protect you. The fishes replied: Art thou indeed the wisest of animals? Why should we prefer certain death to the chance of life which we have here in our clement? heavy penalties on the Jews as a class. They were to pay over two millions of gulden as a tine. The sum was afterwards reduced to one mil- lion by the emperor who besides de- voted this sum to Jewish educational purposes, and part of it serves to maintain the rabbinical seminary, established in 1877. The Jews wert by 110 means as prominent then as they were during the recent revolution. One of the advisors of the government was a Yeshibah Bahur from l'resburg, Ignaz (I3isock) Einhorn, afterwards Edward Horn, assistant secretary of state. A prominent advocate of Magyar inde- pendence was Leopold Locw, rabbi of Szegedin (1811-1875), alyho 'nar- rowly, escaped front the gallows. Loew, by the way, was a native of Moravia, and his brother was quite an enthusiastic Cech. This is the secret of the crowding of Jews into countries with uncertain political conditions, like Poland, Tur- key and Hungary. There were plenty of traps, sews and hooks, but you could take a chance, while in Italy, Austria and Germany there was little chance, and in France, England, Spain, etc., none at all. In a country with a loose form of government, part of it constantly disputed between the sultan and the kaiser, where the nobles natur- ally had a great power, being almost sovereign on their estates, where the power and the will to inforce laws were usually for sale, a Jew could al- ways find a corner where he could crouch. So we have in Hungary, roughly speaking, 1,0(10,000 Jews in a population of 20,000,000, nearly 5%. A great part of this population is of recent immigration. Up to 1848 the neighboring Austrian provinces, Bo- hemia and Moravia, furnished immi- grants who wished to escape from the pressure of conditions at home, espe- cially front the restrictions on mar- riage, and in northern Hungary the adjoining province of Galicia with its crowded Jewish population furnished another set of immigrants. Internal Difficulties. Hungary never recognized Austria's right to dictate to her. She, there- fore, did not send any delegates to the parliament of Vienna, nor did she recognize the Austrian Law which gave to the Jews political rights. It was not until after the defeat of Aus- tria in 1866, when Hungary gained her autonomy that a law was passed in December, 1867, which gave the Jews full political and civic equality. A year later Moritz Wahrmann, the grandson of a rabbi of Post, became the first Jewish member of the Hun- garian parliament. The Jews slid not consider their fight as completely won. They wanted to be recognized as a church. This had hardly any signifi- cance for the individual except insofar that under the existing law conver- sion to Judaism was not permitted, and marriage between Jews and non- Jews was prohibited. The difficulty was largely, though not entirely, due to the Jews. The government had called a congress of Jews in 1866 for the purpose of estab- lishing an organization of all Jews of the country, largely, I suppose, be- cause it wanted them to become Mag- Mixture of Nationalities. y Another reason for the laxity of the pars, while most of them still spoke Yiddish. The orthodox and the re- central authorities was the mixture of formers could not agree, and so two nationalities. The Magyars, the rul- different organizations had to be ere- ing element, form only one-half of ated which, however, did not satisfy the population. It is reasonably cer- everybody. Some congregations would twin that the census figures were not join either organization, and so somewhat manipulated, and with that chaos became greater than ever be- they claim for the Magyars only 51 fore. Perhaps in no other country per cent. The Rumanians come next the courts and authorities had so with 15, the Germans and the Slovaks much trouble with internal Jewish with about 10 each, the Jugo-Slays, affairs than in Hungary. A story as the Croations and Serbs are now which sounds like a joke, but is liter- called, with a little less, and the Ruth- ally true, happened in 1872 in the city enians with about five per cent. Most of Preystadt1 (Calgocz.) Two par- of these nationalities live in compact ties went into court, and the judge territories where the Magyars are settled their difficulty by a comprom- only found among government offici- ise, declaring which party had the als. Equally mixed are the religous right to appoint the reader (Baal Te- figures, though the decided majority fina ... nt the shofar blower and how .„3? ,57;i7jIM er. "0217 a.NRW4=14 ,1,171-;Acer uur>sc+ i 5111147 54% '.11C1'1111:1): Miga . 5 .11 51V:;.127:2 1:1; The Hudson Has a Patented Motor The Hudson Sup0r•Six is Its Own Creation and No Other Maker Can Use, It. Adds 72 Per Cent to Power and Accounts for Hudson Endurance Everyone knows the Iludfam SuPer-Six "'and w ha t it has done in winning all worth while rec- cribs for speed, acceleration, mountain climbing ever made to establish 'motor ear endurance. The return trip, too, was made in shorter time than any other car has ever done it. and endurance. But many have overlooked the fact that those records were made possible because of the Super- Six motor, invented and patented by Hudson. The first Super-Six quality to attract attention was its power, a 72% increase without added weight or cylinders. But rivals Ivlien they saw that, said it could not be relied upon to give long service. Let Us See What It Did The makers did not know the full endurance limit of the Super-Six motor. For that matter they don't even now know its limit, although it has beer put to longer, harder tests than is ever asked of an automobile, even in the most famous long distance raves. This was shown in the 500-mile Indianapolis race last :flay, for while faster cars were entered, the privately owned and raced Super Sixshowed a continuous performance of unrivaled endurance. fhe first Super-Six endurance run was made when it stock touring car carrying driver and pas- senger was driven at top speed for one hour and officially established the record. Then that same ear was pushed to greater tests by driving it with five passengers and with top and windshield up, 100 miles at 70.74 miles per hour, also making a new official record. That failing to reveal its endurance, a stock Super-Six chassis was driven by one man 1819 miles in 24 hours. The best previous record, made by it specially built racer, I•as 1127 miles short of the distance covered by the Iludson. Then the rum from San Francisco to New York was made. It lowered the best previous time by more than 14 hours. And to give further evidence of its endurance, the car Was turned back and reached Sall Francisco 10 (lays and 21 hours after leav!flg there on 7,000 miles of the hardest driving . And 60,000 Users Added Their E xperience ' ;. LI That is me' nonlife of Super-Six in use at the time the present model was announced. Every, test and every report of owners served us a kelp in making a better Hudson. The patented Super-Six motor called for a ear that in every detail matched its quality. New standards were made necessary. Each year has seen a nearer approach to the ideal. Mechanical perfection was not all that Hudson engineers aimed at. They sought to make the Hudson complete in every detail of convenience, beauty and comfort. For Four Years the Largest Selling Fine Car Merit is reflected in the way in which the public views the Super-Six. For four years it has been the largest selling fine car. It is known in every community find on every highway. Present deliveries exceed 100 IIndsons a day. Factory production w i ts never so great and the were never so far behind orders. 'Alen have long known that to get it Hudson it is necessary to make reservations in advance. On some models and in some seasons thousands have waited a month or more. But They Know It Was Worth Waiting For No man can drive a Hudson without feeling is growing respect for it. It grows out of the same endurance the ear bias revealed in all those testa made when the Super-Six was new. They know the real meaning of motor satisfaction. Their needs are fulfilled. • If you plan to get a Hudson next year, now is not too early to speak for it. Think of the thou- sands disappointed this year. Bemb-Robinson Company, Detroit is Roman Catholics, the .Jugo-Slays, the honors of being called up to the however, are Greek Catholics, as are Torah and of opening the ark are to the Ruthenians. Then both the Ger- he divided. mans and the Slovaks, as well as the Magyars have a considerable section The Anti-Semite Movement. (1077 , of Protestants, and finally there are a Another obstacle in the way of rec- number of Unitarians, some of whom ognition of the Jewish church came in the course of sixteenth century be- from the clericals who opposed the , ff came Jews. They had, to conceal legalization of a conversion to Juda- ' 'at / themselves, but occasionally they were ism and the intermarriage. The fight discovered, and in 1638 one of thei r lasted nearly 30 years, being won in number, John Torockai, was stoned to 1895. Meantime, however, matters death. Nevertheless they persisted, were not so rosy for the Jews. Hun- THE STAGE AND THE JEW History in the Making. and in 1869 their last remnant became gar} had of all European parliaments The religious life of the Hungarian officially Jews. The greater religious the first anti-Semitic party, and from Do you know that most of the liberty, not in a small part due to the it came the first official move to deal Jews is as complex as the situation world's greatest actors and actresses Turkish government, also helped to with the Jewish homeland. Victor de of the country. It had a radical re- are Jews? Do you know that some increase the number of Jews. Istoczi, the leader of the anti-Semitic named of the most famous playwrights, man- before by the s tarted form with Sunday service 1848, agers and producers are Jewish? If Their situation was precarious as party, moved on July 12, 1878, while Ignaz Einhorn, who by a in name- afterwards the Congress of Berlin was in session, you doubt the above, read the follow- everywhere, but anyhow better than Eillhorn. David sake in the neighboring states. They also that the sultan lie compelled to give rabbi of Bethel, Kew Pork. It ing list and be convinced that you were excluded from some cities. up Palestine and that all Jews should has Nasidim of the most fanatic type will find the Jews leading in "char- especially from mining states, where be deported there. It created at that in the northern section of the country, acter" work, comedy, tragedy, farce, Jews always were treated as suspic- time merely amusement. Theodore especially the family of Moses Teitel- burlesque, musical comedy and vaude- ville. ions characters who would act as re- Ilerzl, then a student in Vienna, baum, who died in 1841, as rabbi of There are the famous French ceivers of stolen silver and gold; they would have laughed heartily, if any- Satoralya Ujhcly, and it had the hodoxy, . oscs women, Sarah Bernhardt, Rachel, could not hold land, and did not pas- one had prophecied that he was to leader of moredn orthodoxy, native Judith and Mme. Simone. Miss Min- h. rights. They , same plan seriously less Soler (1762-1839), who, white, a na . . could. take up the any political. nie Seligman, Mine. Nazimova and trades however, engage in mechanical wad( s than twenty . years >ears later. The anti- of Frankfort, Me., spent most of his Rose Eytinge. Miss Constance Col- and had greater freedom of movement Semitic moveinnt was not a WI , " active life in Hungary. His Yesabi- lier, in "I'eter Ilabetson," and Clara bah in Pre;burg was the western out- joke. It resulted in a ritual murder than in other states. Lipman, wife of Louis Mann, are very trial, the story of Tisza Eszlar, which post of old-fashioned orthodoxy. It capable actresses. Then there is aline. Influence of French Revolution. was far worse in some respect than remained for over a century in the Bertha Kalich; the fatuous vaudevil- The French Revolution of 1830 gave the case of Ileitis. It lasted more than family. The cresent rabbi, Akiba lians. Nora Bayes and the Dolly Sis- everywhere in Europe a new impetus a year, 1882-1883, and was followed by Schreiber, is his great grandson. The ters, "headliners." Hiss Fanny Brice, to the Jewish question. Hungary had regular pogroms in various cities, this present situation is a serious menace Miss Natalie Alt, David \Varfield, a sort of parliament. It was in real- time partly in Magyar and partly in to this institution as well as to the Louis Mann, Lewis Morrison, Weber terr it ory . seminary of Budapest which depends and Fields, Sam Bernard, Bartley Ber- ity only a representation of the large Sl ova k estate owners, the high clergy and the E The political situation, nevertheless for funds partly on the state and for nard, the Howard Brothers, Robert city councils, but at any rate auto- i mproved . \\ bile owing to the split students on sections of the country Warwick, "Al" Jolson, "Bobby" North, Sir Herbert Tree, Florence cracy was limited. This parliament between orthodox and reform it was which nill now become Slovak or Reed, William Norris, Roger Broth- began to discuss the Jewish question impossible to have a rabbi as repre- Polish. There is Jewish history in ers, Julia Neilson, are all Jews. the making. in 1840, and Is always is the case with sentatw e of the Jewish church in the w Among some of the Jewish play- such fossils, nothing came out of their upper house, two Jews were appointed wrights we have Henri Bernstein, deliberations except the usual phrases members in 1885, and others followed Chas. Klein, Sydney Rosenfeld, Mau- that the Jews must give up their aloof- rice V. Samuels, Dr. Louis Anspacher, si since. The number of members mess, just as we are hearing it now elected to the lower house at one time Israel Zangwill, Abraham Schomer, front Paderewski, Pilsudski. Voice- Max alarcin. Jules Eckert, Goodman. 2 the record number in any 3' 511S0-1910 and many others. chovski and all the Krapuelinskis and rose to - parliament. Edward Horn, European A few Jewish managers and pro- Waschlapskis. assistant secretary of state, was al- New Tette. Is Wed., Sept. 24 •al. Oct. 4 ducers are Charles Erohman, Daniel The great upheaval of 1848,.meant ready mentioned. Had he not died at 1 am Thum, Oct. Succoth IFIret Day) Frohman, "Flo" Ziegfeld, Sam Harris, in Hungary less popular freedom than the early age of 50 in 1875, he prob- Sureolh Ilmat Day—Shemlnl Al Woods, Eichler, Alfred Hayman, national autonomy. Naturally the ably would have risen higher. Louis 'ikon., Oct. Ill Atrereih William Harris, Marc Kla•, A. H. Eel., Oct. 17 Shmehath Torah Jews were sufferers. The Slovaks in Ducat, also a Magyar poet of note, Itoach-I Chem - an—Fri., Oct. 24 Erlanger, David Belasco, the Selwyns northwestern Hungary organized reg- was assistant secretary of state and Itosch- • hodewh linden...Moe, Nov. 23 and Oscar Hammerstein. triar armed forces, and their first vic- the right hand man of Count An- Chanukah (Fn.( of DedlentIon).. VI ed., Der. 17 Where would the stage he today if tims were the Jews. The Magyar Brassy' in the trying days of the tier- Dec. 22 it were not for the Jewish actors, Roach-Chodeoeh Tebeth leader, Louis Kossuth, was an honest lin Congress of 1878, and in 1917 the playwrights and managers? 6080-1020 liberal, but knowing how divided the first Jew, the son of the president of country was, and what great power an orthodox congregation, William rant of Tebett Thorn., Jon. 1 the immensely wealthy clergy, allied Vaszony, became minister of justice. lloach-Chodeack Shebat Med., Jan. 21 Budapest Placarded With A4140.. .Thors, Fel, 111 with the equally wealthy nobles, poi• Hungary also had the first Jewish lloach-Chodeach "Anti-Jewish" Manifesto Purim 41, e4001 or r.oinort.Tnot... Mar. 4 seised, both of whom were hostile to general of the Austro-Hungarian Itooch-Chodrach NOnan...Mat., 01.0.. ao 3 the Jews, he postponed the emancipa- army in active service, Edward von Pnanol re t Pel ■ et%) ........ Sat., April ril 10 a Da—sat., n c .. .... a h ::,mti.;:gat Dispatches from the Asociated tion of the Jews until the last moment Schweizer, a conforming Jew, who I Iloac-Chdench 1yar Is Sun., A ril Ap Thum. May ft Press correspondent in Budapest when he had no power any more and was a trustee of the congregation of Is Turm, May odenek SIvan say that the city is placarded with the Austrian army, supported by the Budapest. It may also be mentioned Rooch-Ch lonermalloa Day) e an anti-Jewish manifesto signed "The Sun.. May 23 czar's troops, put Hungary back under as noteworthy that lgnaz Goldziber, saaaaata t aUnnet of the day Waking Hungarians." The mani- ■ .The day begins the yoke of the Hapsburgs. As we professor of Semitic languages in the festo calls upon all Christian Hun- preeedlar see it now in the case of the Bolshe- University of Budapest, was elected lloach-Chodeach Tammuz wed.. Jon. If garians to oppose "the international viki in Russia and in Hungary with degelate to a celebration of the son, July I destructive activity of the Jewish of Tarnmus the government of Bela Run, the Jews Academy of St. Petersburg, and when vast Frt., July 111 race in the interests of the peace of An were held responsible for the whole he declined because as a Jew he might ft...on-rhos...on the world." v■ at or Ah 517., 5 " nag. 25 g. 14 for special permission, its.ek-clioseseli Ell ■ l Vienna is full of reports of po- trouble. Ilaynau, the commander of have to apply 541•1-11134 groms at Budapest, but these are not the imperial troops, and Prince Win- no other member would accept the Spa, Sept. IS con firmed. Wow Yellen Eve appointment. dischgraetz, the dictator, imposed 288-290 Jefferson Avenue Main 3786 ,NP't Lave JEWISH CALENDAR. Kolchak and His Cossacks. (London Jewish World.) The unsettled state of affairs that prevails generally in the Fast must chiefly account for the dire occur- rences in Poland, which, however, has not been the only scene of similar outbreaks in that part of Europe. There have been like outrages in the Ukraine; while a correspondent at Vladivostok, writing to the Daily bier- ald, tells of a pamphlet which has been issued broadcast by the leaders of the Omsk Government, of which Koltchak is virtually the head, and which was a distinct incitement to anti-Jewish violence. "Bolshevism is created and sustained by the Jews with a view to destroying religion, civilization and the nation" is the bur- den of this incitement. "This, of course," observes the correspondent, "is a revival on a huge scale of the favorite tactics of the old regime— when the people turn against the authorities, distract their attention to killing Jews, and when they are tired of it, you will (a) have got rid of a lot of Jews (b) be in control of the situation once more." The danger in which Jews stand in consequence of this wicked agita- tion is incalculable; and we have more than once called attention to the peril which Koltchak's advance means to them. As the correspondent quoted says: propaganda. The sack of Peking won't be in it. There will be lakes of blood, and sickening carnage and butchery. And when this hellish out- rage is perpetrated the excuse, we suppose, will be that the victims were such not as Jews, but as Bolshevists resisting that paragon of Democrat- ic liberty, Admiral Koltchak.. MUSIC NOTES. J. Frank liahr, for several years connected with the Institute of Musi- cal Art, of New York City, arrived in this city Friday where lie will open a studio shortly. Mr. Bahr has studied with such well-known teachers and educators as Stanistaus Haschek, Jacques Friedberger, James Frisker, Thomas 'Tapper, Henry Krehbial and others. lie has ap- peared as soloist with the Russian Symphony orchestra and at Chau- tauqua concerts and as accompanist for !time. Freda Hemple and Mine. Matzenour. FAMOUS CHORISTERS TO GIVE CONCERT SUNDAY One of the most striking concert tours arranged in this country through the Wolfsohn Bureau of New York, Is that of the tour choristers from the Sistine Chapel choir in Rome, the most ancient and famous choral organiza- tion in the world. For centuries the Description of the contents gives singing of the male choir in the Sis- no idea of the spirit of the docu- tine Chapel In Borne has been the ment's mystic fanaticism, a breath of never-forgotten delight of all lovers of the Middle Ages, like a maddened music, of every faith, who have visit- Jesuit preaching a Crusade, or a Der- vish denouncing the infidel. An of- ed the Eternal City. Four of the most ficial order of Omsk Government puts famous soloists of that choir have all Jews in the infantry, and forbids been permitted to make a tour of any Jew to hold a commission. America for a limited period, to bring I have just found out that the their unusual and enchanting art to Omsk propaganda department—which the very ears of American lovers of is going to extend its activities to fine vocal music. They will appear the Far East shortly—is run by the in Detroit at the Arcadia, Sunday aft- Holy Synod at Omsk—or rather by ernoon, September 28. the highest church authorities they have in Siberia, a sort of temporary acting Holy Synod—in conjunction 12-Year-Old Violinist with the publicity bureau of the Gen- Receives $2,000 Violin eral Staff. You know the Jews were not allowed in Moscow before the Evelyn Vitto-Levin, 12-year-old revolution. violinist, of Pittsburgh, is now the Since then they have been going happy owner of a new $2,000 violin, there, and lately in the papers I read the gift of S. E. Moist, manager of that the Jewish population at Mos- the Union Piano company, who beard cow has increased greatly since the the young prodigy play at the com- Bolshevik regime. The present cry of mencement exercises of the Chicago the army is "On to Holy Moscow." Musical College and was so impress- All I say is—God help the wretched ed that he offered her the violin as Jews when the army does get there, recognition and encoursgement of ex- to its holy city, fired by this mad traordinary talent.