Amen- twit elvish periodical Carter
CLIFTON AMU/ • CINCINNATI 20, OHIO
THE JEWISH CHRONICLE
MICHIGAN'S JEWISH HOME PUBLICATION
VOL IV. NO. 4.
LOUIS MARSHALL
PROTESTS STATE
BAN ON HEBREW
Prominent New York Lawyer
Writes Vigorous Denunciation
of Mistaken "Loyalty" Attitude
of Iowa Governor.
SUPPRESSION OF ALL
FOREIGN LANGUAGES
UNCONSTITUTIONAL
Drastic Action Would Close Jew-
ish Houses of Worship and He-
brew Schools and Destroy Relig-
ious Freedom.
The following is a copy of a letter
addressed by \Ir. Louis Nlarshall,
pr•sideot I / 1 the .:American Jewish
Committe, to the Hon. W. L. Hard-
ing, governor of Iowa, commenting
upon . his proclamation of May 23,
1918, ordering that all other lan-
guages than English be barred front
use in public places. including syna-
gogues, churches and schools:
DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JUNE 28, 1918.
OSCAR STRAUS TO RUN
FOR SEAT IN CONGRESS
The lion. Oscar S. Straus, who last
week sent Governor \\*Inman his
resignation as chairman of the Public
Service Commission and asked to be
relieved from duty not later than July
I. announced that he would offer him-
self as a candidate for Congress this
fall, provided he could be assured of
both the Democratic and Republican
nomination from 'some district. 'Mr.
Straus. now a Republican, followed
olonel Roosevelt into the Progres-
.Iie party, and at one time was the
candidate for governor of that party.
Proclamation is Unconstitutional.
For these reasons 1 feel justified in
saying that your proclamation, which
taboos every language but the Eng-
lish language, is not only inadvisable,
but unconstitutional. You concede
that freedom of speech is guaranteed
by the Federal and State Constitu-
tions. You scent to intimate that the
speech, the freedom of which is thus
guaranteed, must be in the English
language There certainly is nothing
in the Constitution Which makes such
a qualification, nor is there anything
in the practice in any of the state of
the union which warrants such an in-
terpretation. If freedom of speech is
dependent upon the use of the Eng-
lish language, then the freedom of
the press must likewise be so depend-
ent. Until there is an amendment to
our Constitution it certainly does not
lie within the power of any of the
branches of our government to limit
oral, written or printed speech to a
single language.
There are millions of good citizens
who can neither speak or read the
English language. To say nothing of
the illiterates, there is a vast number
of intelligent men and women who
cannot do so. It is for that reason
that the foreign language press has
proven to be a most valuable medium
of Americanization. I can speak with
personal familiarity with newspapers
published in half a dozen languages,
and can assure you that they afford
'better instruction in .American insti-
tutions than does the average news-
paper published in the English lan-
guage. I have seen in them. published
in serial form, the history of the
United States, the Constitution of the
United States, and articles dealing
most enthusiastically with American
ideals. The French. Italian and Yid-
dish press, at this very moment, is
most effective in its advocacy of the
cause of America and the Allies,
in its opposition to Germanism, and
I can also add that an overwhelming{
majority of the German newspapees
of this country. whatever their sym-
pathies may have been before Aimee-
Ica entered into the war. are now un-
qualifiedly and whole-heartedly for
America.
Loyalty Speeches in Yiddish.
I attended a patriotic rally held un-
der the auspices of the :,ate Council
of Connecticut, of whi:h Governor
Holcomb is the head,
ri, bout a week
(Continued on ege 1)
PLAN OF UNIFICATION OF FEDERATED SOCIETIES
INTO NATIONAL ORGANIZATION ADOPTED
LEAD ENGLISH LIBERALS
The London Daily Nlirror, one of
the Lord Northcliff• newspapers, de-
clared last week that \Ir. Herbert
Samuel will probably succeed .\ squid)
as the leader of the British Liberal
party. Samuel held several important
positions under Asquith, first as As-
sistant Secretary of the Interior, then
as Postmaster General and later as
Home Secretary. 1.1,iy,1 George, al-
though a member of the same party,
is more radical in his views than As-
quith who, together with Samuel, be-
long to the more conservative wing
of the Liberals. Samuel is described
in that paper as a man of a strung
will and exceptional abilities as a
leader and is regarded as the proper
person to lead that important politi-
cal party.
ZIONIST CONVENTION FOR
SOCIAL - DEMOCRATIC
STATE IN PALESTINE
American Federation of Zionists in 21st Annual Meeting at
Pittsburg, Pa., Go On Record Unanimously for Aboli-
tion of Private Ownership of Land and Public
Utilities in Palestine Jewish State, for Co-
Operative Principle in Industry and
Free Education to All.
JEWISH STATESMAN MAY
New York, June 13, 1918.
Sir: I have just received a copy of
your proclamation, dated May 23,
1918, in which you lay down among
other rules to obtain in Iowa during
HARRY Z. GORDON IS
the war, the following:
"First — English should and
GRANTED DEGREE OF RABBI
must be the only medium of in-
struction in public, private, de-
Brilliant Detroit Young Man Receives
nominational, or other similar
High Honors From Jewish fheo-
schools. • • •
logical Seminary. •
"Four—Let those who cannot
speak or understand the English
language conduct their religious
Harry Z. Gordon, son of Mr. and
worship in their homes."
Mrs. Leon Gordon, 293 Frederick
In my capacity as president of the street. Detroit, was awarded the de-
American Jewish Committee, I have gree of Rabbi at the recent gradua-
teen asked to communicate with you tion exercises of the Jewish Theo-
with respect to the two rules which I logical Seminary of New York. Rabbi
Gordon would have received his di-
have quoted.
Let me say, preliminary, that there ploma with his own class which grad-
is no part of our population which uated in 1917, but while visiting in
has a deeper sense of the duties of Detroit last year he met with a seri-
citizenship and a more ardent pas- ous accident and was unable to attend
sion for patriotism than the Jewish the graduation exercises with his
.
.
. -
people. In explanation of my own class.
The action of the faculty of the
attitude, let rate say that, since August
last, I have been a member of the seminary in granting him his degree
District Board of the City of New without the formal examination em-
York tinder the Conscription act, and phasizes the remarkable scholastic
that I have been constantly engaged record made by the Detroit boy.
since the outbreak of the war as an
active participant in every movement
intended to advance the national in-
terest. If further assurances were re-
quired, I might add that my oldest
son is now in France.
DOMINANT FIGURE AT ZIONIST CONVENTION
Per Year, $2.00; Copy, 5 Cents.
Biggest Zionist Convention Opened By Huge Parade of
Over 10,000 Last Sunday Afternoon—Great Demon-
strations Made for Wilson and Brandeis—Renew
Pledge of Loyalty to Allies and Promise
80,000 Jewish Soldiers to Fight
for Palestine.
.\ free government of the people cry session. It became so intense in
that w ill retain Ito, vv., - the control of Monday's session that the proceed-
natural resources ,111,1 public utilities, ings were interrupted for consider-
111,11 promises religious, political and able time.
An individual who ,is
civic equality for all peoples, that will styled "leader of the opposition° by
prohibit land speculation and indus- other "oppositioners" threw the con-
trial oppression, that will give to all vention in an uproar by a bitter fight
the people free education
to the on a "point of order" in the consider-
highest degree, which will insure the ation of the proposed District Plan of
co-operative principle in the organiza- organization. It was necessary for
Justice Brandeis was greeted with the greatest of enthusiasm and ap- lion of all agricultural, commercial Rabbi Stephen S. Wise to take the
plause whenever he appeared on the platform at the Pittsburgh Convention
and financial transactions, was pleTg- chairman's seat and for,Nathan Straus
of the Zionist Federation of .America. Ile is the unofficial leader of the
Zionist movement here and is characterized as the "Theodor Herz!" of ed for Palestine by the twenty-first to appeal to the better sense of the
America. He has been responsible for the accelerated growth of the Zionist convention of the Federation of Atn- delegates that order was restored.
erican Zionists meeting in Pittsburgh But these little flashes of belligerency'
movement within recent years in this country.
last week.
on matters of procedure simply served
t lend zest to the real work of the
A resolution outlining the policy too
be followed by the proposed new re- convention.
public, was offered by Jacob De Hass,
Resolution of Loyalty.
'
executive secretary of the federation, Judge Julian Mack, of Chicago,
and
was
adopted
unanimously
by
the
was
accorded
the
honor
of
present-
BY DR. GOTTHARD DEUTSCH
• il ■
si - PRENtE coula jusTRT Louis 1).
The Prohibition of Shehitah
700 delegates amid the greatest ap- ing resolutions re-affirming the loy-
plause and enthusiasm. This action is alty of the Zionists to the United
Written for The Jewish Chronicle.
T
IIE news, recently received,
that the Federal government
of Switzerland has suspended
the prohibition of the Jewish mode of
killing animals for the duration of the
war, 'suggests a review of the .state
legislation on this s uil.j e et.
The rabbinical law prescribes the
killing of animals and fowl by a cut
across the neck with a sharp knife,
slashing the esophagus and the tra-
chea and severing the arteries. Ac-
cording to rabbinical theology this
practice was introduced by Moses,
while modern critics declare that it
was one of the Pharisaic institutions,
which extended the customs of the
sacrificial cult of the ancient temple
to domestic life. It is generally con-
ceded that this practice has been in
existence as a sacred religious rite for
the last two thousand years or more.
!Mediaeval legislation, harsh as it
was, as a rule, left the Jews unmolest-
ed in their religious life. and even
protected it by the power of the state
in the laws of matrimony and inher-
itance, besides granting them. in the•
ory at least, freedom of worship with-
in the precincts of their ghettos.
saute table. It may also be caused by
a regard for the dignity of the Chris-
tians who, when they bought trefah
meat, were supposed to lower them-
selves, admitting that what was not
good enough for Jews was good
enough for Christians. This order•was
vetoed by the Count of Savoy, and the
municipal authorities made another
attempt to enforce their order by pro-
hibiting Sliehitah altogether, 1415.
with the result that this also was
vetoed by the prince.
undoubtedly the most important States and to the war. The resolu-
taken by the federation at any annual tions, as adopted unanimously, are:
meeting SII far held.
"The Zionists of America, in annual
Text of Resolution.
convention assembled, renew their
The resolution as adopted follows: pledge of loyalty to the Government
First—We declare for political and of the United States and to the cause
civil equality irrespective of race, sex of democracy, justice and the right of
or faith of all inhabitants of the land. small nations for which our country
jew
edie
u
in righteous
Second—To insure in the Jewish is hne owens
ousw
st ataers
farie.
n
of th
National Home in Palestine equality The
heatiestc
of opportunity we favor a policy low-citizens
with thedirevfoetle-
will continueto
which with due regard to existing
rights shall tend to establish the own- twhietrheotuot tshteinirt loivrem
s eaansdurth
e Tr
zi
ership and control by the whole peo•
The victory
A case which occurred in the now pies of the land and of all natural re- which, under the wise guidance of
the
W
ooad
llrieodw powi
W elrs son, our co
Bavarian city of Memmingen in 1710 sources and of all public utilities.
country
unt y and
Third—All land owned or controlled
must a c hieve
is less clear in its motives. The city
by
the
whole
people
shall
be
leased
the
sure
harbinger
of
a
juster and
authorities fined a butcher six florins
for having killed an animal by Shehi- on such condition as will insure the nobler world civilization."
When, in his reading, he reached
tah, declaring this fact an objectional fullest opportunity for development
the name of President Wilson, there
innovation (ohnanstaendigo. Verdi- and continuity of possessions.
riesslichkeiten nach sick ziellendel Fourth—The co-operative principle was a five-minute demonstration, dur-
NeucnmgI. The probable cause of this should be applied so far as feasible in ing which all the delegates stood and
action was that Memmingen, a "(ree , the organization of all agricultural, waved their flags and cheered, anti
imperial (me: , which had banished industrial, commercial and financial the uproar finally softened into the
undertakings.
tunes of the "Ilamikvah," the Zionist
the Jews from her borders during the
Fifth—The fiscal policy shall be
middle ages, was afraid that permis-
al/T)i. Wise made a patriotic ad-
framed so as to protect the people anittin
sion to exercise Shehitahmight bring
from the evils of land speculation and dress seconding these resolutions and
the Jews of the neighboring town of
financial oppression.
he was applauded repeatedly. Prob-
Fellham more frequently to the city
Sixth—The system of free public in- ably the greatest spontaneous demon-
than was desirable.
struction which is to be established stration came when he spoke of the
Early Prohibition,
Action in Rumania, Finland and
should embrace all grades and depart- restoration of Belgium and the rights
This theory did not prevent disturb-
of all other small nations and assert-
Russia.
ments of education.
ances of worship by mobs and fanatic
Seventh—The medium of public in- ed that "America will not make peace
These
antiseinitic
motives
are
un-
priests which were, as a con-
struction shall be Hebrew, the nation- at the expense of Russia," no mat-
doubtedly responsible for various 1110-
doned or at best punished by a warn-
al language of the Jewish peoples.
ter how advantageous to the Allies or
hibit.ry laws, including agitations to
ing against repetition. Such annoy-
America. It was a demonstrative
Parade of 10,000.
issue
such
as
were
made
within
the
ances occasionally also interfered with
Preceding the opening session of crowd of over 5.0(N) that filled the
last half century or so, and especially
the rite of Shehitah. King .Alphonse
the convention at beautiful M emorial great auditorium and the enthusiasm
III of .\ragon in 1285 vetoed a pro- during the last thirty years. when the
Hall last Sunday afternoon. over 10,- generated evidenced the conscious-
RABIll HARRY Z. GORDON.
hibition of Shehitah, issued by the antisetnitic movement became politic- 000 Jewish men, Wifillell
and children, ness of the hope of early realization
ally
organized.
Rumania,
"marching
of the great dream of Ilerzl.
municipal authorities of Cervera. The
representing the various Zionist and
Rabbi Gordon received his early
at
the
head
of
civilization."
shows
Reorganization Plan Adopted.
document does not state on what
non-Zionist organizations of Pitts-
training in the grade and high schools
such
an
attempt
in
Iterlad,
1867,
when
Unification of the constituent
ground this prohibition was issued,
burgh. paraded through the down-
of Detroit. Graduating from New
the
camouflage
constitution
of
1866
bodies of the Federation of American
York University in 1914 with the and it would be idle to speculate on its had declared all Rumanian citizens town streets and out to the
hall over a route fully time miles Zionists into a national organization
highest honors and the degree of reasons. A case in Savigliano in the equal before the law. 11'e mind the
ancient
county
of
Savoy
is
a
little
long. .\ hand of white-hooded, white- under one head instead of the present
Bachelor of Arts, he entered the
same agitation repeatedly reported
loose system of federation of individ-
Graduate Department of Columbia clearer, The city issued in 1412 a pro- from Finland, where as in Rumania, robed horsemen, in the garb of an-
ual societies was realized following a
University and was awarded the de- hibition against the selling of meat by a suppressed nationality fought for cient Arabs, led by a very pretty girl
stormy meeting and debate at the sec-
gree of Master of Arts. His master's Jews to Christians. This. in all like- autonomy, but was not willing to gingerly attired in the latest riding
ond
day's session.
habiliments, followed the troop of
thesis on the subject ''The History lihood. is based on the mediaeval grant the liberty 10
which it aspired.
Only the first part of the resolu-
mounted police at the head of the
of Jews in Persia during the Sasanian principle. found already in the sixth
to other mutually oppressed groups
long procession. The position of hon- tion on reorganization, that part re-
Preiod 1200-500 C. EX' was accorded century and emphasized in the Lith,
within its own midst. A Finnish wo.
when the persecutions reached the
or was held by a number of women lating to the consolidation of all the
the highest academic recognition.
was a Prom - who marched motet the banner of constituent bodies into one national
At the seminary, Harry Z. Gordon high water mark which demanded a n"" ' NI"-Won k""""'
organization, was adopted, after a
held many distinguished offices. He strict social separation of Jew s and in"( fixture in mari""""ve"li" , of "Mothers of Democracy." They bore
long and animated debate.
was treasurer of the student body and Christians. prohibiting their living un- the societies for the Prevention of on their breasts service flags signify-
The mote on that part of the reso-
ing the number of sons they had sent
(Continued On Page Seven.)
was managing editor of the Student der the same rani and eating at the
to the front. Many flags bearing lution, which measure was consider-
Annual, the seminary scholastic pub-
ed seriatum, was 311 for and 37
l ication. He served the late venerable s•-••••••-..-•• ■ •• ■ •• ■ •• ■ •••••••• ■ •••-•"••••• ■ •••-•••••••••• ■ ••-a.w.....--.............-.....-...................s.......-- three and four stars were in evidence. against. Consideration on the other
I Me of the best looking divisions was
Dr. Schechter, president of the sem-
made up of the workingmen of the parts of the resolution, which are con-
inar,` as private secretary for several
city. They represented the great steel sidered minor features in the plan of
yea
industry of the mighty "workshop of reorganization, was deferred until la-
alibi Gordon has received several
the world."Children of the Hebrew ter, at the close of the meeting, which
fl tering offers for the position as
Lasted about five hours.
schools, Jewish women's organiza-
r ibi in congregations of large cities.
The section of the resolution which
tions. V. NI. H. :A. clubs, fraternal
S
he will remain at home with his
was adopted follows:
grumps. business men, and delegates
arents until he fully recovers los
"The
declaration of the British
made up the rest of the parade. It
•
ttrength before taking up his profes-
was the greatest spectacular . Jew kb government in favor of the Zionist
WAR SAYINGS SUMPS
sional cart cr.
aim, indorsed by the allied democraic
Ton
demonstration in the history of ml,
UNITED STATES
city and probably the greatest Zion- nations and supported by the good
ANTI-JEWISH AGITATION IN
GOVERNMENT
will of the Government of the United
ist parade in this country.
POLAND.
States, and the existence of the Zion-
Zion-
O v a tion itoin gBrsacridei(i,sn a nda sWieilastounr.,, aisctt nadministrativen et.
London- A dispatch to The Ex-
, The
ohmam
veiss i no cn reansoew
d
change Telegraph from Amsterdam
by great di monstrations for Louis D. the responsihilities devolving upon
says that anti-Semitic agitation has
and President Woodrow the Zionist movement
increased largely in Poland during the
Wilson. It was marred. unfortunate-
"In order that the zionists of Am-
last few day-. I'lacards have been
ly, by the injection of some "peanut erica
erica may meet these increased re-
posted all over the cities of Lodz and
politics" on the election of Louis sponsibilities effectively, it is resolv-
1Varsaw, signed by the "Army of
Lipsky of Nrw York as chairman of ed by the delegates here in conven-
Liberation," urging Poles to begin
the convention, and this spirit of pet- tion assembled to establish a single
anti-Jewish massacres.
I t• oMelallsm cropped up In ev.
(Continued on Pago 8)
B U
w
MUD OY
• S
—and every dollar you
invest helps win the
war as well as helping
your future.
104.6.06.11041