PAGE FOUR
ME JEWISH CHRONICLE
THE STORY OF LEON TROTZKY
(Continued From Page One.)
institutions for the relb•f of Russian
political prisoners. Ile spent over a
year in Siberia, however, and learned
by bitter experience the details of the
cruelty of the Czar's autocratic sys-
tem. lie wrote a pamphlet entitled
"There and Back" which described
his experiences in Siberia, a piece of
literature that we may soon have the
pleasure of reading in .•11nerican
magazines.
it
Travelled Throughout Europe.
Like a "regular Bolshevik," Mr.
Trotzky could not "settle down" to a
"useful life" and begin the established
process of "getting somewhere" and
"making something of himself." This
"irresponsible" fellow was more in-
terested in leading ampomailic life for
many years, during which time he
managed to keep his body and soul
together by writing pamphlets and
newspaper articles on the contempor-
ary phases of revolutionary thought,
a most precarious method of attain-
ing financial and social success. Be-
ing fluent in many languages he spent
time in Berlin, Vienna, Paris, London,
Geneva, Belgrade, Madrid, and other
large centers of revolutionary
thought, taking active part in every
local situation, but always keeping in
close touch with the Russian Move-
ment. He seas a regular contributor
to "Neue Zeit," a German Socialist
magazine of Berlin, and also the "Ar-
beiter-Zeitung," of Vienna, the organ
of the Social-Democratic )'arty of
Austria. His articles were reprinted
broadcast over Europe and he became
one of the great leaders of the toter-
national Socialist Movement. It is
very evident, therefore, that he should
be the logical loan to act as the For-
eign Minister of the new republic.
1 perusal of which causes the average
Icwspaper reader to wonder how an
..rdinar• Russian fellow like Trotzky
could know• so much about such un-
known things. Before he finished his
book, the Swiss authorities felt ob-
liged to inform Trotzky that they'd
rather he completed his Bolshevik
work elsewhere and away from Sw iss
territory.
Publishes Paper in Paris.
Paris, the place of latest fashions
in ladies garments and international
intrigues, being the nearest fertile
field of endeavor for an already exper-
ienced political outcast, became the
next temporary residence of Trotzky
in him stormy European itinerary. On
his arrival in the French capitol,
Trotzky was overjoyed to learn that
about 100,000 of his landsleute" were
also in France, not as political re-
fugees but as an expeditionary mili-
tary force fighting in the trenches of
the western front beside their French
and English Allies. Ile forthwith
proceeded to publish a newspaper pm-
der the caption "Our ‘Vorld" for the
purpose of informing the Russian
"inutujhic" as to the latest news of the
goings-on in Petrograd and inciden-
tally calling his attention to some ab-
stractions on "direct action" in gov-
ernmental, social, and economic or-
ganizations. The then French Min-
ister of War, General Rocques, hap-
pened to read a copy of this Russian
journal, and came to the conclusion
that such Bolshevik propaganda was
a little premature and not conducive
to the maintenance of proper dis-
cipline of the Slav troops. Ile there-
fore confiscated, without due compen-
sation, all the " \York's" Ile could find,
and then without the usual Gaulic
courtesies to a foreign guest invited
Trotzky to take "French leave," and
Trotzky, being likewise a "reason-
able" Bolshevik, in the face of super-
tor numbers, acted on the suggestion.
(The evident result of Trotzky's
work among the Russian troops has
recently been graphically told to Con-
gress by one of its members who vis-
ited the war zones last summer. The
units had become hopelessly disor-
ganized, and for its own safety the
French government was compelled to
hold the men as virtual prisoners of
war to prevent them from exercising
their inspired Bolshevist proclivities
on French soil.)
tionist, and sooner than is usual he
received the wherewithal for passage
to New York. On January 14, 1917,
Leon Trotzky, alias Braunstein, Bron-
stein, and Braunstine, set foot on
American soil to the edification of
the "red" colons' of the East Side.
With him came his wile, Anatolie, a
relined and cultured Russian univers-
ity graduate, and his two sons, Leon,
age Ii, and Serge, age 9, who, like
their father, speak several languages
fluently.
Writes for New York Papers.
Trotzky's stay in Nesv York was
short but active as usual. Two days
after passing through the gates at El-
lis Island be could be found seated at
a desk in the basement office of the
Russian newspaper "Navy Mir," at 77
St. NI:mrks Place, busily pothog away
at a Russian cigarette while filling
page after page of manuscript. The
charge that Trotzky received German
gold is utterly disproven by his ac-
tions in New York. He eked out a
bare existence on less than $20 a
week. It is reported that he was
offered a position as associate editor
of a large Yiddish metropolitan daily
at a salary of $611 a week, but he re-
fused to compromise his views to any
degree by writing on "assignment."
Besides his work on the "Novy Mir"
he wrote for the "Jewish Daily For-
ward," the "Zukunft," a Yiddish 'nag-
azine, and for "Volkzeitung," an
anti-Kaiser Socialist paper. He also
delivered lectures to crowded halls
in New York, Philadelphia, and near-
by cities, and his stirring eloquence
and personal magnetism made him
decidedly popular.
Keeps Out of Trouble Here.
In .sonic unaccountable fashion,
Trotzky managed to keep out of
touch with the American government,
there being no Czar or Kaiser here
to attack, and practically no worth-
In Berlin When War Started.
while socialist movement. Fle ignor-
When the war began in August.
ed Whatever "revolutionary move-
1914, Trotzky was writing for the
ment" there might be in this country
"Neue Zeit" in Berlin. He vigorously
and concentrated all his attention on
condemned the action of Scheidt-
the European situation. (\\'e had not
mann, Haase, and the other socialists
as yet declared war on Germany.) In
in voting for the initial war credits
March the almost unbelievable glad
in the Reichstag, and applauded the
news of the Russian Revolution flash-
courageous and uncompromising atti-
ed throughout the world. The black
tude of his friend, Dr. Karl I.ieb-
despot, Romanoti, had been deposed,
knecht, in refusing to be a party to
the glorious army had joined the Re-
the war aims of the imperialists and
volution, the Cossacks had refused to
the bourgeoise socialist politicians.
lire on the people. Russia—a Repub-
For this he was unceremoniously
lic! The East Side went wild with
kicked out of Germany and warned
delight. The scenes of the unpre-
that if he dared return he would lie
Stirs Up Trouble in Spain.
cedented rejoicing are indescribable.
conventionally "shot at sunrise"
We next hear of the "Arch-Disturb- Trotzky became violently impatient.
against the usual stone or brick wall. er" of Europe in Barcelona, Spain, a He was needed in Petrograd to take
Little did the Kaiser dream that this hotbed of Spanish radicalism, whith- his former place with the Workers
same "agitator" would yet dictate to er he had fled fur refuge. His Span- and Soldiers' Committee and help
hint and his junkers with first class ish comrades were very glad to see curb the ambition of the Bourgeoisie
Bolshevist impudence.
hint, but he wasted no time in tieing in capturing control of the Pro-
With Dr. Adler in Views'.
entertained socially. Ilere, as every- visional Government. A fund for
Being unable to withstand German where, he soon became the leader of passage to Petrograd was immediately
efficiency, Trotzky left for Vienna revolutionary propaganda and with raised for himself and family. He
where he immediately set to work do- unaccountable energy embarked once had no time to say farewell to his
pouncing the political socialists of more in the business of publishing a friends who had kindly loaned hint
every country for supporting the war newspaper and spreading discontent the meager furniture for his flat, for
and calling their attention to the un- among the submerged. (Not long which he was condemned as being
pardonable violation of their "war after Trotzky left Spain, serious revo- "ungrateful," not by his friends, but
against war" agreement of the Inter- lutionary disturbances were reported by the New York press. But all that
nationale. He began the publication from that unhappy land. It is not is forgoten 110•. On March 27th,
of a Russian paper, feeling that if there known for certain whether these two 1917, he embarked on the steamer
was any hope left in his beloved In- facts have any connection!) The Kristianiafjord, bound for Stock-
ternationale it must come from his Spanish government, in strict con- holm.
own "taverishi" (comrades) of the formance with contemporary Euro-
The English Hold Him.
Russian Left. In Vienna he was pean precedent. decided to terminate
The steamer touched at the port of
closely associated with Dr. Frederick any cordial relations between it and Halifax, Nova Scotia, where she was
Adler, a noted Austrian scientist and Trotzky, but instead of inviting him searched by the British authorities
and Trotzky was taken off and de-
tained in the British detention camp,
"pending investigation." The British
fdlicials knew hint well, however, but
were not mire as to the proper course
to pursue with him. Nattirally they
•
•
•
were loath to allow him to proceed
on his way to Europe, where there
Sias trouble enough. As soon as the
news of his detention flashed to New
York and abroad, the British (foreign
°thee was deluged with cables of pro-
test. .\t the personal request of no
less a personage than Alexander Ker-
ensky, a personal friend of Trotzky's
at the time, and Who had become the
Minister of Justice in the Nliliokoff-
Lvov government, the British were
prevailed upon to grant him safe
passage to Petrograd oil the plea of
Kerensky (irony of Fate!) that "1
need hint here to help me out"! De-
spite the coup d'etat of last Novem-
ber. radicals still claim that Kerensky
A Meeting of the Soldiers and Workers Committee In Petrograd.
and Trotzky are friends, and that
Kerensky is glad of being relieve,' of
journalist, the son of Dr. Victor Ad. to leave the country, they threw him such a hard job as trying to manage a
ler, the leader of the Social-Demo- into a prison cell, to which Trotzky war, a new country of 180 millions,
cratic Party of Austria. The younger is unaccustomed. This was a foolish and an agaation for Peace all at one
Adler was in full accord with the at- thing to do they later learned, for int- time.
Begins Bolshevik Advance.
titude of Trotzky on the war, but inediately a terrible cry went up all
On his arrival in Petrograd, Trfotz-
was somewhat of a terrorist. which over Spain for his release, the So-
was a little too touch for Trotzky, cialists and other radicals threatening kt• immediately resumed relations
who was a consistent Marxian So- all manner of reprisals.
with Nikolai Lenin, his close friend
and advisor, to Moon has been ac-
cialist. (It was Frederick Adler who
"Shanghaied."
corded the title of the "Brains of the
assassinated the hated Austrian tyrant
Getting rid if Trotzky, however,
Revolution." Together they toured
Premier, Cutout Sturgh, last year, for
was no easy matter. He insisted on
the principal industrial centers of
which act he was condemned to die.
returning to France, but the French
The Austrian radicals, however, pre- would have no more of hint Ile pro- Russia appealing to the workers to
vented his summary execution by
take direct control of their own gov-
tested for his safe passage to Switzer-
monster protests, which forced the
ernment. Their pleas soon took on
land, but the Swiss government will
Austrian autocrats to commute the
definite shape in the growing Bolshevik
take no chances on compromising its
death sentence to a long term of in' neutrality with the belligerents by movement inside the Soviets, or
His
unconditional
re-
prisonment.
Councils of \Vorktnen and Soldiers.
suffering his presence. It is reported
lease is one of the immediate demands
In September of last year, the Bob
that the Spaniards tiring of the tomb--
of the Austrian Socialists who are
slieviki gained complete control of
Ion of his disposal "shanghaied" him
now staging a monster general strike one fine even . ng
the Soviets and Trotzky was elected
onto a steamer
for l'eace, backed with all the moral
President of the Executive Commit-
!bound for aim un known port.
In a
and material support of the Russian ,
tee. The demand of the people for
It and some days, Trotzky and his
liolsheviki. This general strike is the fancy
immediate peace negotiations had
a walked off the plank at no
prelude to a national revolt which the
been put off by the Kerensky regime.,
other place than—Havana, Cuba! Such
wort,' will soon learn of through Bol-
the Padslieviki promised the immed-
a place fur such a "world-mover"!
shevik sources.)
iate publication of the secret treaties
Cuba! A line country to obtain sugar
Writes Famous Book in Switzerland.
of the old Russian gos eminent, the
for the tainily,—Ion as a locums oper-
The Austrian government was as
confiscation of land and industry to
anti for an international proletarian
inhospitable to Trotzky as was the
the people. and other fundamental re-
revolt!—(It is rumored that Trotzky
Kaiser and lie found it more conven.
forms. It was therefore a compar-
at this point repeated a Yidish ex-
ient to journey to Switzerland where
atively easy matter to displace the
pression which in Eng] iSII is defined
for a short time he kept quiet. In i t
Prosisional government in Novem-
as "a yesterday's day"!)
not inactive for it was here that he
ber.
Lands in New York.
wrote the greater portion of his now-
Trotzky began his Peace dis-
\\*Oh his characteristic impatience cussions with the representatives of
famous book entitled "The Bolsheyiki
and \Vorld Peace" which is appearing at delay.. Trotzlsy cabled to some the Kaiser instead of the people, a hue
serially in many metropolitan and "Iis erislii" in New York for funds, and cry went up in our metropolitan
provincial newspapers of this country, .quite a necessity cue!) for a revolt). and provincial press that this was
1 1 1 ill , Ilia
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.51.11;10 . 1 JD 10 01;4
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