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THE JEWISH CHRONICLE

4

Young Rubinstein, after estab-
the Christians by the Pagans,''
Antokolski's
family
intended
to
lishing
his musical reputation, re-
"The Inquisition and the Jews."
turned, in 1848, to Petrograd. In
have the funeral at Paris, but ex- 1851 his opera "Dmitri Donskoi,"
Czar Nicholas insisted upon the re- appeared on the imperial stage ; in
By Historicus
mains being brought to Petrograd 1858 he was appointed court pian-
where they were laid to rest with ist, and a year later was made con-
cert director of the Imperial Rus-
1117 HI LE the Russian revolu- olski went to Petrograd in the national honors.
' sian 'Musical Society, one of his
Anton Rubinstein.
tion brought political lib- summer of 186 4. The money being ,
erty to the various ethnic soon spent, he entered a turner's A position analogous to that oc- pupils there being none other than
components of the empire, it can shop, where he earned a scanty liv- copied by Antokolski in the field of the great Tchaikovski (1840-1893).
be truly said that, for the 7,000,- Mg. At last the doors of the Russian sculpture was held by An- In 186,2 he became one of the
ton Grigoryevich Rubinstein in the founders of the Petrograd Conser-
000 Jews living within the con- Academy of Fine Arts opened.
Professor
Gagari,
vice-president
field
of Russian music. Born No- vatory, at the head of which he re-
fines, it has been coterminous
with new life. The March 'days . of - the .. aeademy, struck by the vember 28, 1829, in a little Podo- . mained until 1867.
The czar bestowed upon him the
of 1)17 will' foreverremain a land- . greatness of conception and the Ilan village, the son of a poor pen-
mark in the history of Israel, for beauty of execution of Antok- cil manufacturer, who, a year after St. Vladimir Order, carrying .\\ ith
they ushered in the final phase of olski's "Ivan" . (1868), induced the Anton's birth, embraced the Greek it the patent of nobility. In 1865
the emancipation of the Jewish Grand Duchess :Maria Nikolayevna Orthodox religion, Rubinstein died Russia's musical Titan married
people, the first chapter of which to inspect the . sculptor's atelier. November 20, 1894, at Peterhof, Vera Tchikuanoff, a maid of honor
carried the heading "Paris, Sep- She, in her turn, persuaded Czar near Petrograd, as Imperial Rut-- at the Russian court.
As in Antokolski's so in Rubin-
Alexander II to climb up the steep sian state councillor.
tember, 1791."
The Jewish historian and the stairs of the Jewish artist's den. • The name of his kind fairy was stein's muse, the Kremlin, Calvary,
philosopher of Jewish history will Now all Petrograd was anxious to Grand Duchess Helena Pavlovna_ Mount Zion and Olympus-Capitol-
consider the recent events in Rus- see and to admire the sculptor and \\Then the little . musical wonder- huts met in harmonious union.
van the
Terrible," "Rossiya,'
sia as the
forerunners
of
the
Mes-
,
his work.
Ile was admitted to the boy of 14, after his
triumphant
"Ivan
sianic Epoch, foreboded by the membership of the academy. Glory tour through Germany, [Tolland, "Christ," "Moses," "The Tower of
prophets, and anxiously longed and wealth beckoned suddenly to Scandinavia and France, returned Babel," "Anthony and Cleopatra"
for by 50 generations of Hebrews, the son of the poor Lithuanian inn- to Petrograd he was invited to the are a few of Rubinstein's best
known compositions, and he him-
who, by faults of their own and keeper.
Winter Palace, where Czar Nick known
crimes of others, by a fateful
Alexander II bought the "Ivan" olas I embraced him before the self regarded the "Christ" oratorio
as his greatest achievement.
as
chain of mutual misgivings and statue ; Antokolski's patroness, the whole court. Official Russia stud
Ivan Stanislavovich Blioch.
e x c 1 u d e d above mentioned grand duchess, ac- denly became proud of the Hebrev
Born at Radom, Poland, July 24,
themselves and were excluded, quired "The Descent of the Inquisi- boy virtuoso, who had elicited the
•
for nearly 1,500 years, from the bon
Upon a Jewish House on the unfeigned admiration of Chopin. 1836, this great financier died at
comity of nations.
First Night of Passover." Turgen- Liszt, Moscheles, Felix Mendels- Warsaw December 25, 1901. It
As a cross-cut through Israel's yeff became Antokolski's friend sohn and Giacomo Meyerbeer, and was he who laid, in 1875, the foun-
contribution to Russia's civiliza- and admirer.
had been lionized at the court of dation of an up-to-date manage-
tion may stand a quartet of genial
ment of the Russian railroad sys-
From the sculptor's first master- St. James.
.
Hebrews— a sculptor, a compos- pieces,
At
the
age
of
17
the
great
plan-
tem.
Before he entered the field
"The Jewish Tailor" and
er, a scientist and a financier-eco- "The Miser Counting His Money," ist began to get a taste of the hard- the question of pensions for rail-
nomist. Their lives and achieve- to his "Christ Bound Before the ships and humiliation of poverty. road employes, for instance, was in
menus will show at once the trag- People " "Dying Socrates" and His father having, at his sudden a chaotic state. Blioch brought or-
edy of Jewish existence in pre-
• '
"Spinoza,"
the same lofty idealism death, left his business affairs in a der into the chaos and tens of thou-
revolutionary Russia and the stn expressed itself in various shapes somewhat confused state, Anton sands of Russian families to this
pidity of the imperial government,
was obliged to interrupt his studies day bless his memory.
which grafted upon the old na- and forms.
Antokolski died June 6, 1902, at at Berlin, where he lived together But Blioch was not only a prac-
tional and religious prejudices of Homburg, near Frankfort-on-the- with his mother and his brother tical railroader and banker, he was
its own people, the scientific anti- Main, before he coult
,1 execute his Nikolai (1835-1881), who later al- also a learned and able writer. I Iis
Semitism of Germany, and of great trilogy of man s drama, on so became a celebrated pianist. "Russian Finance in the Nineteenth
Prussia in particular. which he had worked for years : Left penniless, the mother was Century," which has been translat-
"The Victory of Savagery Over able to eke out but a scant living as ed into German, Polish and
Mark Antokolski.
French, forms a landmark in the
This prominent sculptor of the Civilization," "The Persecutions of music teacher in a private school.
nineteenth century was born in
1842 in \Vilna, where his parents
:
owned a miserable inn. The ge-
de-N ip.N\
nial boy felt like a stranger in his
41111111.11I 11111.:7
111*111F
home; his mother alone under-
~ ill II
llll
111111111 I
stood the aspirations of her child.
~
~ nunnuiiuiiillllinnniUilllcll
111111
1
Apprenticed to an engraker, he
was irresistibly driven to model-
ling all sorts of figures in stone
and wood or in whatever material
was at hand.
The quiet charm of the Lithu-
anian landscape, the utter lack of
any social or political life in his
immediate surroundings, the eco-
nomical and spiritual oppression
which lay heavily on his co-relig-
ionists—all this made a deep, mel-
ancholic impression upon the young
artist, who, in his later life, brought
to wonderful artistic expression the
Griswold and Lafayette
various Jewish types of Northern
BRANCHES:
Russia, visualized the psychology
Chene and Gratiot—Mack and Mt. Elliott
of the Muscovite autocrat (Ivan
Gratiot
and Hastings—Woodward and Eliot
the Terrible, Peter the Great), and
Jos. Ca.mpau and Newton—Hamilton and Webb
symbolized duty and love—in
Ferndale and Springwells
l unduonj
brief, the noblest and deepest sen-
o i 1.11111 1
00. 4iiyuniptionoopilik,
timents of the human heart.
1.1111111111111 1
111
1
\Vith a letter of recommendation
.411_141% "\\4
,
1111111111111111111110111911111"
from Mrs. Nazimova, wife of the
-
lic
illitil1.1115:
- -
111.1.t"37
4.'.11141111
governor general of Wilna, and 48
-..3
14.
rubles ($25) in his pocket, Antok-

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of Jewish Emancipation

:

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